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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Knee joint |
Hinge synovial joint (flexion and extension) Gliding and rolling with rotation around vertical axis Function is impaired when its hyperextended |
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Articular surfaces of the knee joint characteristics |
Large differnt (incongruent) shapes |
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Articulations of the knee |
1. Two femorotibial articulation (lateral and medial) 2. One intermediate femoropatellar articulation |
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Femorotibial articulation |
Between lateral and medial femoral and tibial condyles |
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Femoropatellar articulation |
Between femur and patella |
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Stability of knee joint depends on |
1. Strength and action of surrounding muscles 2. Ligaments connecting tibial and femur |
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Joint capsule of knee |
External fibrous layer Internal synovial membrane |
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Ligament of knee |
4 strength joint capsule (intrsic) 8 extrinsic ligaments |
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Patellar ligament |
Part of quadriceps tendon Strong tick fibrous band From patella to tibial tuberosity |
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Medial and lateral patellar retinacula |
Aponeuotic expansions of the vastus medialis and laterails Help Maintain alignment of patella (keeps knee cap from deviating) |
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Lateral collateral ligament |
Chord like strong From lateral epicondyle of femur To lateral surface of the head of fibula. Splits tendon of biceps femoris into two parts |
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Medial collateral ligament |
Strong flat band From medial epicondyle To superior part of medial surface of tibia At midpoint it attaches to medial meniscus (deep) |
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Oblique popliteal ligament |
Expansion of semimembranosus tendon Strength joint capsule posterior From posteiror medial tibial condyle To central part of posterior aspect of joint capsule |
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Actuate popliteal ligament |
From posterior aspect of fibular head To spread over posterior surface of knee |
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Cruciate ligaments |
Joint femur and tibia Durning medial rotate they twist around each other limiting rotation (10°). Allow Lateral rotate (60°) One of the two is always tense |
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Anterior cruciate ligament |
Weaker of the two (injured easier) From anterior intercondular area of tibia To posterior part of medial side of lateral condyle of the femur. Poor blood supply (heals slow)
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ACL prevents |
1. Limits posterior rolling of femoral condyles during flexion 2. Posteiror displacement of femur |
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Posterior cruciate ligament |
Stronger of the two From posterior intercondylar area To anterior part of the laterior surface of the medial condyle of the femur Main stabilizing factor for the feumer when weight bearing flexed knee |
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PCL prevents |
1. Anterior rolling of femur 2. anterior displacement of femur 3. Posterior displacement of the tibia on femur 4. Hyperflexion |
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Menisci of knee joint |
Plates of fibrocarilage Shock absorbers Thicker at external edge, thinner medially Attach to intercondylar area of tibia |
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Medial meniscus |
C shaped Attaches to -anterior intercondylar area of tibia - posterior intercondylar area Adheres to the deep surface of the medial collateral ligament |
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Lateral meniscus |
Nearly circular and is smaller and more freely moveable |
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Posterior meniscofemoral ligament |
Strong tendinous slip Joins lateral meniscus to PCL and medial femoral condyle |