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30 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Ondansetron
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(Zofran)
Purpose: antiemetic Packaged: 4mg/2ml Dose: 4 mg Mechanism:reduces the activity of the vagus nerve, ( activates vomiting center in the medulla oblongata,) blocks serotonin receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone Clearance: Cytochrome p450 |
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Metoclopramide
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(reglan)
Purpose: Antiemetic Packaged: 10 mg/2ml Dose: 10 mg Mechanism: + peristalsis of jejunum and duodenum Clearance: renal |
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Etomidate
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(amidate)
Purpose: induction (onset <1 min duration 3-5 min)Packaged: 20mg/2ml Dose: 0.2-0.6 mg/kg Mechanism: unknown Clearance: Liver to urine |
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Ketorolac
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Purpose: Pain, fever, inflamation
Packaged: 60mg/2ml Dose: 60 mg IV Mechanism: NSAID non-selective competitive blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). |
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Esmolol
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Purpose: prevent Tachycardia
Packaged: 100 mg/10ml Dose: titrate Mechanism: Beta 1 blocker (blocks epi norepi) beta 1/2= 9 min |
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Diphenhydramine
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Purpose: antihistamine, antiemetic, sedative(anticolinergic), hypnotic,and for anaphylaxis, and topical anesthetic
Packaged: 50mg/ml Dose:25-50 mg Mechanism:blocks H1 receptor sites, inhibits reuptake of serotonin. Clearance:Extensively hepatic; smaller degrees in pulmonary and renal systems; significant first-pass effect, excreted in urine beta 1/2: 2-8 hours; Elderly: 13.5 hours |
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Solumedrol
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Purpose: supress inflamation,
Packaged: 125 mg Dose: up to 30 mg/kg for emergencies Mechanism: glucocorticoid : g protein that acts on transcription elements Alpha t1/2 18-40 hours |
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Cefazolin
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Purpose: Antibiotic
Packaged: 1 gm Dose: 1-2 gm Mechanism: inhibits peptidoglycan crosslinking in bacterial cell walls |
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Furosamide
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(Lasix)
Purpose: loop diuretic Packaged: Dose: 20- 80 mg Mechanism: inhibition of Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle *push over 1-2 min* |
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Digoxin
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Purpose: Antiarrythmias
Packaged: Dose:125 to 500 mcg is a common loading dose. Daily maintenance doses also range from 125-500 mcg depending on weight, createnine clearance, disease state etc.) Mechanism: Binds to Alpha subunit in na atpase pumps which leads to an increase in Ca+ in myocytes, it slows the conduction of the heart, Parasympathetic, and vagal activation Clearance Beta 1/2 =36 hours, Renal elimination. |
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Verapamil
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Purpose: hypertension, Angina
Packaged: Dose: 180- 480 mg Mechanism: Ca++ channel blocker specific for arterial, conductile and contractile tissues does not alter serum calcium concentrations. Clearnace: |
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Metoprolol
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Purpose: Beta blocker
Packaged: 1 mg/ml Dose:100-400 mg Mechanism:B1 blocker: Decreases Heart Rate, Contractility and Cardiac Output, therefore decreasing blood pressure Clearance: cytochrome p450 |
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Phenylephrine
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Purpose: increases blood pressure
Packaged: 10 mg/ml Dose: titrate with 100 mcg doses Mechanism:a 1 agonist ( not ino or chronotropic) Clearance: Hepatic (monoamine oxidase) B 1/2 2.5-3 hours |
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Succinylcholine
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Purpose: Muscle relaxants
Packaged: 20 mg/ml Dose:150-200 mg Mechanism: Depolarizing muscle relaxant Clearance: Plasma pseudocholinesterase (remember dibucain number) in 3-30 minutes |
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Rocuronium
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Purpose: Non depolarizing muscle relaxant
Packaged: 10 mg/ml Dose: 50 mg Mechanism: Clearance: mostly liver, slightly by kidneys and undergoes no metabolism, |
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pancuronium
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Purpose:
Packaged: Dose: ED 95: 60 µg/kg Mechanism:competitive acetylcholine antagonist nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |
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Vecuronium
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Purpose: Nondepolarizing muscle relaxant
Packaged: dry 10 mg Dose: 0.8-.12 mg/kg, redose with 1 mg incraments. Mechanism: (anticolinergic nicotinic competative binding) Clearance: |
lasts 25-40 minutes
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Neostigmine
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Purpose: paralytic reversal
Packaged: Dose: 0.025-0.075 mcg/kg Mechanism: binds to active site of cholinesterase, thus Ach builds up. Clearance: |
indirectly stimulates both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, thus must be given with glycopyrolate,
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Glycopyrrolate
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Purpose: Muscarinic specific blocker,
Packaged: 0.02 mg/ml (5 ml vial) Dose: give one less ml than neostigmine Mechanism: blocking the muscarinic receptors of parasympathetic nervous system, increases heart rate, decreases secretions |
antisaligague,
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Atropine
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Purpose: treats bradycardia, secretions, organophosphate poisoning
Packaged: Dose: 0.5-1 mg bolus: up to 0.04 mg/kg Mechanism: It is a competitive antagonist for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. |
(atropine principally blocks vagal nerve parasympathetic bradycardia)
Atropine is also useful in treating second-degree heart block Mobitz Type 1 (Wenckebach block), and also third-degree heart block with a high Purkinje or AV-nodal escape rhythm. It is usually not effective in second-degree heart block Mobitz type 2, and in third-degree heart block with a low Purkinje or ventricular escape rhythm. Atropine is contraindicated in ischemia-induced conduction block, because the drug increases oxygen demand of the AV nodal tissue, thereby aggravating ischemia and the resulting heart block. |
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Xylocain
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(lidocain)
Purpose: Local anesthetic, and antiarrythmic Packaged: 20 mg/ ml (5 ml syringe) Dose: max 300 mg (500 with epi) Mechanism: voltage gated channel antagonist (more info?) |
topical, peripheral nerve block, epidural, spinal, iv regional (bier).
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Lidocain
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Purpose:
Packaged: Dose: Mechanism: |
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Epi 1:1000
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Purpose:
Packaged: Dose: Mechanism: Clearance: |
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Labetalol
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Purpose: antihypertensive
Packaged: Dose: Mechanism: alpha 1 adrenergic (=less bradycardia and negative inotropic effects vs. beta alone) and beta adrenergic blocking properties cause vasodilation. Clearance: |
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Albuterol
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Purpose: bronchodilation
Packaged: inhailer Dose: 3-6 puffs (more specific?) Mechanism: short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist Clearance: |
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Calcium Chloride
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Purpose:
Packaged: Dose: Mechanism: |
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Dexamethasone
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Purpose: Antiinflamatory, antinausea
Packaged: 4 mg/ml Dose: 8 mg typical Mechanism: ? |
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Enalapril
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Purpose: antihypertensive
Packaged: Dose: (??????????) Mechanism: angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. As a prodrug, enalapril is metabolised in vivo to the active form enalaprilat by various esterases. |
ACE in kidneys converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II which is a potent vasoconstrictor (increases blood pressure) also releases aldosterone for adrenals (na retention) and ADH from posterior pituitary (dipsinogen and h2o absorbtion)
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Naloxone
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Purpose: treatment of opioid induced respiratory depression
Packaged: 0.4 mg/ml (10 ml) Dose: 0.1 mg Iv 1 3 min until desired effect, if 10 mg reched probably not opioid. Mechanism:Naloxone is a μ- (major) κ- and δ- (minor) opioid receptor competitive antagonist. |
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Protamine Sulphate
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Purpose: Reverses Heparin action
Dose: 10mg/1000 u heparin Packaged: 10mg/ml (5 ml) Mechanism:Protamine sulphate binds with heparin, removing the anticoagulant properties Clearance: Broken down by reticuloendothelial system (monocytes and macrophages) |
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