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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Polyenes |
Amphotericin B
Natamycin [Natacyn] |
|
Pyrimidines |
Flucytosine |
|
Azoles |
Ketoconazole Itraconazole Fluconazole Voriconazole |
|
Echinocandins |
Capsofungin Micafungin Anidulafungin |
|
Polyenes MOA |
Bind to ergosterol present in the cell membranes of sensitive fungi to increase permeability
Bind human cell membranes to a lesser extent
Concentration dependent in action; fungistatic at low concentrations and fungicidial at higher concentrations
Resistance relatively rare |
|
Pyrimidines MOA |
Block thymidine synthesis in susceptible fungi, impairing DNA synthesis
Fungistatic
Resistance can develop during tx
Rarely used because resistance is a major problem among many types of fungi |
|
Azoles MOA |
Impair the biosynthesis of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane increasing membrane permeability and inhibiting fungal growth
Not selective; can also inhibit many mammalian cyctochrome P450-dependent enzymes
Drug intersections can occur with medications metabolized through the P450 pathway
Fungistatic
Resistance Increases in immunocompromised patients |
|
Echinocandins MOA |
Target fungal cell wall by inhibiting glucan synthesis; this depletes glucan polymers in the fungal cell wall causing an abnormally weak cell wall
Selective in action because there is no counterpart to a cell wall in the mammalian cell
Oral bioavailibility is poor |
|
Biguanides MOA |
Disrupt cytoplasmic membrane by affecting lipids |
|
Biguanides |
Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB)
Chlorhexidine |
|
Diamidines MOA |
Disrupt cytoplasmic membrane by causing leakage of amino acids |
|
Diamidines |
Propamidine |