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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
aerobic
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Containing oxygen; referring to an organism, environment, or cellular process that requires oxygen
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alcohol fermentation
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The conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.
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anaerobic
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Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism, environment, or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.
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cellular respiration
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The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.
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chemiosmosis
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An energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work, such as the synthesis of ATP. Most ATP synthesis in cells occurs by chemiosmosis.
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faculatative anaerobe
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An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
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fermentation
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A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
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lactic acid fermentation
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The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.
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oxidation
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The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.
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oxidizing agen
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The electron acceptor in a redox reaction.
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redox reaction
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A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction.
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reducing agent
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The electron donor in a redox reaction.
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reduction
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The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.
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