Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Efficiency |
The ratio of useful energy transferred (or the useful work done) by a machine or device to the energy supplied to it. The ratio of the machines outward power to it's input power |
|
Effort |
The force applied to a machine to make it move |
|
Elastic limit |
Point beyond which a wire is permanently stretched |
|
Elasticity |
Property of a solid that enables it to regain its shape after it has been deformed or distorted |
|
Electrolysis |
Process of electric conduction in a solution or molten compound due to ions moving to the opposite charged electrode |
|
Electrolyte |
A solution or molten compound that conducts electricity |
|
Electromagnetic interaction (or force) |
Interaction (or force) between two charged objects |
|
Electromagnetic wave |
A wavepacket or photon consisting of transverse electric and magnetic waves in phase and at right angles to each other |
|
Electromotive force (emf) |
The amount of electric energy per unit charge produced inside a source of electrical energy |
|
Electron capture |
Process in which an inner-shell electron of an atom is captured by the nucleus |
|
Electron volt |
Amount of energy equal to 1.6x10^-19 J defined as the work done when an electon is moved through a pd of 1V |
|
Endoscope |
Optical fibre device used to see inside cavities |
|
Energy |
The capacity to do work |
|
Energy levels |
The energy of an electron in an electron shell of an atom |
|
Equilibrium |
State of an object when at rest or in uniform motion |
|
Error bar |
Representation of an uncertainty on a graph |
|
Error of measurement |
Difference between a measured value and the true value. Errors include systematic (including zero error) and random |
|
Excitation |
Process in which an atom absorbs energy without becoming ionised as a result of an electron inside an atom moving from an inner shell to an outer shell |
|
First harmonic |
Pattern of stationary waves on a string when it vibrates at its lowest possible frequency |
|
Fluorescence |
Glow of light from a substance exposed to ultraviolet radiation; the atoms de-excite in stages and emit visible photons in the process |
|
Force |
Any interaction that can change the velocity of an object |
|
Free body force diagram |
A diagram of an object showing only the forces acting on the object |
|
Frequency |
The number of cycles of a wave that pass a point per second (# of oscillations per second) |
|
Friction |
Force opposing the motion of a surface that moves or tries to move across another surface |
|
Gamma radiation |
High-energy photons emitted by unstable nuclei or produced in particle annihilations |
|
Gravitational field strength |
Force of gravity per unit mass on a small object |
|
Ground state |
Lowest enegy state of an atom |
|
Hadron |
Particles and antiparticles that can interact through the strong interaction |
|
Hooke's law |
The extension of a spring is proportional to the force needed to extend it |
|
Inertia |
Resistance of an object to change of its motion |
|
Interference |
Formation of points of cancellation and reinforcement where two coherent waves pass through each other |
|
Internal resistance |
Resistance inside a source of electrical energy; the loss of pd per unit current in the source when current passes through it |
|
Ion |
A charged atom |
|
Ionisation |
Process of creating ions |
|
Isotopes |
Atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons |
|
Kaon (or K meson) |
A meson that consists of a strange quark or antiquark and another quark or antiquark |
|
Kinetic energy |
The energy of an object due to its motion |