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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The majority of the fine, absorbing roots, of a tree are in the ___ and ___ horizons. |
O and A |
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Driving vehicles across wet soil will __________ the soil and destroy soil ___________ |
Compact Pore space |
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__________ ____________ is the soil property that resists changes to the ph |
Buffering capacity |
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True/False - Negatively charged clay particles hold cations near their surface. |
True |
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In 1 foot (0.3m) of clay soil with 4 inches (10cm) of water in the soil, approximately how many inches of water would be available to the tree? |
One |
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_________ ____________ modified the effects of soil texture as the soil particles form clumps or aggregates. |
Soil structure |
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True/False - Soil can hold water so tightly in micropores that the ability of tree roots to absorb the water is restricted. |
True |
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Soil texture refers to the relative coarseness or fineness of a soil. Rank the following from the finest texture (1) to the coarser (3). ________ silt ________clay ________sand |
2 (silt), 1 (clay), 3 (sand) |
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On the pH scale, less than 7 is __________, 7 is ____________ and more than 7 is ______________ |
Acidic, neutral, alkaline |
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True/ False - Over time, mulching can improve soil structure, reduce compaction and add organic matter to soil. |
True |
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A pH of 5 is ________ times more acidic than a pH of 7. |
100 |
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The process in which ions of essential elements wash down through the soil profile and are lost is called. |
Leaching |
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Many essential elements are dissolved in soil water in the form of positively charged particles called |
Cations |
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If the soil is too ____________, iron and manganese may be in a chemical form that is unavailable to trees |
Alkaline |
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The buffering capacity is the resistance of a soil to changes in pH. Clay soils and soils high in organic matter usually have a __________ buffering capacity. |
High |
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The _________________ is the zone of intense biological activity near the actively elongating roots. |
Rhizosphere |
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The diversity of organisms living, moving, and interacting in the soil is often referred to as the ____________ _____________ ___________ |
Soil food web |
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Water that drains from the macropores is called _________________ water. Following drainage, the soil is said to be at _____________ _______________ |
Gravitational, field capacity |
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True/ False - Most soil organisms cause disease or decay in tree roots. |
False |
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True/ False - Many tree roots exist in symbiotic relationship with fungi that assist the tree in water and mineral absorption. |
True |