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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Erythrocytes |
40-45% of bld volume gas transport (o2, co2) -surface area |
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Erythrocytes at EM: -lack _ -cytoplasm stains __ -flexi to deform thru tight spaces -lifespan is _ |
-typical organelles, NO NUCLEUS -stains pink -120 days |
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Erythrocyte cytoskel defects: -Spherocytosis: -elliptocytosis: -sickle cell |
-cant bend -can bend but wont go back to orig shape -cell is brittle, cant fit thru capillaries |
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Leukocytes (WBC) -are transported in periph bld BUT: -fncn is: -fncn happens in: -life span: (cleaned up by macrophages) |
-dont fncn there -host defence. -happens in CT and interstitial spaces -hours or days (short lived) |
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Leukocyte types: - - |
-granulocytes (3 types) -agranulocytes (2 types) |
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3 granulocytes are : - - - |
-neutrophil -eosinophil -basophil ALL END IN PHIL |
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2 agranulocytes are: - - |
-lymphocytes -monocytes END IN CYTES |
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ALL Granulocytes have: -_ granules (lysosomes) -_ granules (enzymes w specific fncn) AKA specific granules -have __ nuclei -__rER and golgi (bc _) -few _, depend on _ for E -__lived -are ALL between __ microns |
-primary -secondary -polymorphic/lobed nuclei -poorly developed rER and golgi -few mitochindria, depend on glycolysis for E -short lived - 12 - 15 microns |
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Best way to ID Granuloctyes is by -nucleus -colour of specific granules |
-nucleus -colour of spec granules |
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Leukocytes - Granuloctyes - NEUTROPHILS -__ of WBC (57-67% of WBC) -fncn: |
-most numberous of WBC -phagocytosis and destruction of BACTERIA |
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Neutrophils at LM: -nucleus: -barr body -cytoplasm stains: -large primary _ -small, numerous _ granules (these are the __) |
-multilobed (2-5 libes) -pale, neutral (can be light pink or purple) -granules -specific granules (these are the antibacterial agents!) |
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Neutrophils at TEM: -nucleus looks like __ -small, central __ -lysosomes are __ -specific granules vary in __ and are more __ |
-cloud (multilobed) -Golgi -more e dense -vary in density, more oblong than lysos |
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Neutrophil how do they work: -travel to __ -destroy _ -release _ (recruits more leukocytes, makes fever and inflamm) -Is part of PUS |
-site of injury -bacteria -cytokines |
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Leukocytes - Granulocytes - EOSINOPHILS -very __ amount of WBC -fncn: -ppl with __ have lots of eosinophils |
-low -destroy PARASITEs, phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes -ppl with parasite infections or allergies |
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Eosinophils at LM: -nucleus: -cytoplasm stains: _ so its _ |
-BI-LOBED -pink so its eosinophilic (acidophilic) |
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Eosinophils at TEM: -__nucleus -__ specific granules |
-bi lobed -CATS EYE (darker crystalloid body contains MBP which is antiparasitic) |
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Leuko - Granulo - BASOPHILS -least of WBC count -fncn: -can cause _ |
-makes inflamm response and hypersensitivity rns -anaphylaxis |
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Basophil at LM: -nucleus: __ but __ -cytoplams stains: -primary granules are _ -specific granules: _ |
-bi lobed but usualy obscured by specific granules -stains DARK PURPLE (basophilic...) -many of them (heparin, histamine, leukotrienes, chemotactic) |
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Basophils at TEM: -looks like _ nuclei -__ specific granules |
loooks like two nuclei, bi lobed -large big, e dense, specific granules |
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How to tell MAST and BASOPHIL apart: -in mast, nucleus is always -in basophil, nucleus usually -in mast, granules are _ -baso, granules are _ -Location: ---mast is in _ ---baso is in __ |
-round and in center (mast) -obscured (baso) -smaller (mast) -larger granules (baso) -mast is in CT -baso is in periph bld |
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Leukocytes - Agranulocytes: -like all leukos, trvael in periph bld, diapedesis, host defense -different from granulocytes bc: -->no __ (but do have prim granules so lysosomes) -->live __ -->nuclei are __ |
-no specific granules -long lived -rounded/indented nuclei, no lobes |
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Leukocytes - Agranulocytes - LYMPHOCYTES -second most numerous behind __ -size: _(larger means more active) -fncn: proper fncn of __ or __ (react with _, make _, attack _) -nucleus: -cytoplasm stains: |
-neutrophils -7 to 16 microns -lymphatic and immune system (react with specific antigens, make antibodies, attac foreign) -huge nucleus, takes up most of cytoplasm -stains light blue (just a rim) |
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Lymphocytes: -life span is : -only WBC to __ -immunocompetent cells: |
-variable (days to years) -to return to blood after being in CT or lymph -able to recognize and respond to antigens |
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Lymphocytes in TEM: -huge __ (euchromatic) -very few __ -few __ -dont have _ |
-huge nucleus -few mitochondria -few lysosomes -no specific granules |
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3 types of lymphocytes (all look the same) -B cells -T cells -Natural killer cells |
-B turn into plasma cells, make antibodies -T do cell-med immunity, recruit macrophages, act against foreign cells -NK innate immune response |
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Leukocytes - Agranulocytes - MONOCYTES -3 to 7% of WBC -size: -fncn: is __ to __ -nucleus: shaped like _ -cytoplams stains: |
-largest in size -precursors to macrophages -nucleus is like kidney bean or oval -stains pale, greyish |
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Monocytes in TEM: -nucleus is __ -have _, small _ and _ -no specific granules |
-indented nucleus -have golgi, small mitochon, and lysosomes |
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Peripheral blood: Platelets (Thrombocytes) -150-400k per mm3 (only 0.2% of bld volume) -size: -fncn: -life span: |
-2-4 microns small -makes bld clots and repairs vessel walls -10 days |
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Thrombocytes in LM: -nucleus: -cytoplasm stains __ in center, __ in periphery |
-no nucleus, just cell fragment -dark in center, light on periphery |
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Thrombocytes in TEM: -shaped like -has hyalomere and granulomere -Hyalomere: marginal bundle has __ to maintain shape, open canicular system for __ -Granulomere: has granules specific for _, platelet aggregation , vaso_, stims repair of _. also has glycogen |
-microtubules and actin filaments, open canalicular is for more surface area -coagulation, vasoconstriction, repair of vessel |
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Where do bld cells originate? called hemopoesis -initially: -2nd trimester: -3rd trim and life: |
-yolk sac -liver and spleen -bone marrow |
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Bone marrow pictures: -Section: can see __ and __ -Smear: __ those dots are __ |
-can see bone and marrow -big dark purple dots, small light purple dots -thos dots are bld cells in dif stages of maturation |
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Components of red bone marrow: -Bone trabeculae -__cytes -hemo__ cords -sinu__ |
-adipocytes -hemopoetic cords -sunisoidal capillaries |
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Red marrow structure: -__ compartment: where _ -__ compartment: includes _ |
-hemopoietic: where cells are made. arranged in islands and cords -vascular: arteries, veins, sinusoids, all non-hemopoeitic cells |