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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cell division
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process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
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asexual reproduction
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process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
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sexual reproduction
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type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
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chromosome
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threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information; in eukaryotes, chromosomes are found in the nucleus; in prokaryotes; they are found in the cytoplasm
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chromatin
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substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones
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cell cycle
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series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
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interphase
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period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
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mitosis
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part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
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cytokinesis
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division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
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prophase
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first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible
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centromere
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region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
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chromatid
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one of the two individual "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
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centriole
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structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
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metaphase
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phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
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anaphase
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phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
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telephase
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phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
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