Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
109 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ANATOMY
1 |
SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE OF STRUTURE
|
|
PHYSIOLOGY
2 |
SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE OF FUNCTION
|
|
PATHOLOGY
3 |
MEDICAL SCIENCE OF DISEASE
|
|
6 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
4 |
1) CHEMICAL LEVEL
2) CELLULAR LEVEL 3) TISSUE LEVEL 4) ORGAN LEVEL 5) ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL 6) ORGANISM LEVEL |
|
CHEMICAL LEVEL
5 |
BUILDING BLOCKS OF ALL LIVING THINGS.
FORM & FUNCTION BEGIN AT THE ANATOMIC LEVEL |
|
CELLULAR LEVEL
6 |
CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE
|
|
ORGANELLES
7 |
ORGANS OF THE CELL
|
|
CYTOLOGY
8 |
STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF A CELL
|
|
CELL PHYSIOLOGY
9 |
PROCESSES OCCURING IN CELL
|
|
TISSUE LEVEL
10 |
FOUR TYPES:
EPITHEIAL--CONNECTIVE--MUSCLE--NERVOUS |
|
HISTOLOGY
11 |
STRUCTURE OF TISSUES
|
|
ORGAN LEVEL
12 |
STRUCTURES WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.
CONTAINS 2 OR MORE TISSUSE TYPES |
|
GROSS ANATOMY
13 |
STUDY OF STRUCTURES WITH THE NAKED EYE
|
|
SURFACE ANATOMY
14 |
CAN BE SEEN OR OUTLINE PAPATED
|
|
ORGAN SYSTEM
15 |
11 SYSTEMS
GROUPS OF ORGANS WITH COMMON FUNCTIONS |
|
SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
16 |
STUDY OF BODY SYSTEM BY SYSTEM
|
|
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
17 |
FOCUS ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
|
|
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
18 |
CHANGES IN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION WITH EXERCISE
|
|
ORGANISM LEVEL
19 |
GROUPS OF ORGAN SYSTEMS
ANY LIVING BEING CONSIDERED A WHOLE |
|
HOMEOSTASIS
20 |
MAINTAINING A CONSTANT, STABLE ENVIROMENT IN THE BODY
|
|
SET POINT
20 |
AN IDEAL NORMAL VALUE
|
|
NORMAL RANGE
21 |
SAFE, ACCEPTABLE DEVIATION FROM SET POINT
|
|
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM
22 |
BODY TRIES TO DECREASE DEVIATION FROM THE NORMAL
|
|
CONTROL CENTER
23 |
DETERMINES SET POINT, GIVES ORDERS FOR CHANGE
|
|
RECEPTOR
24 |
MONITORS THE VAULE OF A VARIBLE- HALL MONITOR
|
|
EFFECTOR
26 |
PROCESSE THAT RESTORES SET POINT. INFORMATION IS SENT FOR REACTION
|
|
STIMULUS
27 |
FACTORS WHICH THROW SYSTEM OUT OF BALANCE
|
|
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
28 |
MECHANISM MAKES THE DEVIATION WORSE
EXAMPLE-LABOR AND DELIVERY |
|
ANATOMIC POSITION
29 |
STANDING
ARMS HANGING AT SIDE PALMS FACING FORWARD |
|
SUPINE
30 |
LYING FACE UP
|
|
PRONE
31 |
LYING FACE DOWN
|
|
INFERIOR
32 |
TOWARD TAIL, FEET
|
|
SUPERIOR
33 |
TOWARDS THE HEAD
|
|
ANTERIOR
34 |
FRONT OF BODY
|
|
POSTERIOR
35 |
BACK OF BODY
|
|
CEPHALIC
41 |
TOWARDS THE HEAD
|
|
CAUDAL
42 |
TOWARDS THE TAIL(REGARDLESS OF BODY POSTION)
|
|
DORSAL
43 |
TOWARDS THE BACK
|
|
VENTRAL
44 |
TOWARDS THE BELLY
|
|
MEDIAL
45 |
TOWARDS THE MIDLINE
|
|
LATERAL
46 |
AWAY FROM MIDLINE ( SIDE)
|
|
PROXIMAL
47 |
NEAREST TO ORGIN
|
|
DISTAL
48 |
FARTHEST FROM ORGIN
|
|
SUPERFICIAL
49 |
NEAR THE SURFACE
|
|
DEEP
50 |
DEPP TO SURFACE
|
|
ARM
FOREARM 51 |
SHOULDER TO ELBOW
ELBOW TO HAND UE=ALL |
|
THIGH
LEG 52 |
HIP TO KNEE
KNEE TO ANKLE LE= ALL |
|
CEPHALIC
53 |
FRONTAL=FOREHEAD
ORBITAL= EYE NASAL= NOSE OTIC= EAR BUCCAL= CHEEK ORAL= MOUTH MENTAL= CHIN |
|
CRANIAL
54 |
SKULL
OCCIPITAL= BASE OF SKULL NUCHAL= BACK OF NECK |
|
TRUNK
55 |
THORACIC= THORAX
CLAVICULAR= COLLARBONE PECTORAL= CHEST STERNAL= BREASTBONE MAMMARY= BREAST |
|
TRUNK
55 |
SCAPULAR= SHOULDER BLADE
VERTEBRAL= SPINAL COLUMN LUMBAR= LOIN SACRAL = BETWEEN HIPS GLUTEL= BUTTOCK PERINAL= PERINEAL |
|
TRUNK
56 |
ABDOMINAL= ABDOMEN
UMBILICAL= NAVEL PELVIC= PELVIS INGUINAL=GROIN PUBIC= GENTIAL |
|
UE=ALL
57 |
ACROMIAL=POINT OF SHLDR
AXILLARY=ARMPIT BRACHIAL= ARM CUBITAL=ELBOW ANTECUBIAL= ANT ELBOW OLECRANON=POST ELBOW MANUAL= HAND CARPAL= WRIST PALMAR= PALM DORSUM= POST HAND DIGITAL= FINGERS, TOES |
|
LE=ALL
58 |
COXAL=HIP
FEMORAL= THIGH PATELLAR= KNEECAP GENICULATE= POST KNEE CRURAL= LEG SURAL=CALF TALUS= ANKLE PEDAL=FOOT DORSUM SUP FOOT=INSTEP PLANTER= INF FOOT CALCANEAL=HEEL DIGITAL= TOES, FINGERS |
|
BODY PLANES
59 |
SAGITTAL= SEPARTES L/R HALVES
MEDIAN=MIDSAGITTAL= SPECIFIC TRUNK INTO L/R TRANSVERSE=SUPERIOR/INFERIOR FRONTAL= ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR |
|
MRI
60 |
LONGITUDINAL= THROUGH THE LONG AXIS OF ORGAN
CROSS-SECTION= AT RIGHT ANKLE TO LONG AXIS(AKA-TRANSVERSE) OBLIQUE= CROSS SECTION AT AN ANGLE |
|
BODY CAVAITIES
61 |
THORACIC=INSIDE RIB CAGE
MEDIASTINUM= IN BETWEEN LUNGS ABDOMINAL=INFR TO DIAPHRAGM PELVIC=NO SUP BORDER( AKA-ABDOMINOPELVIC) |
|
QUADRANTS
62 |
RIGHT UPPER-RIGHT LOWER
LEFT UPPER - LEFT LOWER |
|
REGIONS
63 |
RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC=R.KIDNEY, R. KIDNEY
RIGHT LUMBAR= GALLBLADDER, ASC COLON RIGHT ILIAC= CECUM,APPENDIX EPIGASTRIC=ESOPH,L. LIVER, DUODENUM, PANCR HEAD, STOMACH |
|
REGIONS
64 |
UMBILICAL=TRANS COLON, SMALL INTEST,ABDOM AORTA,INF VENA CAVA,URETER
HYPOGASTRIC= RECTUM,BLADDER LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC= SPLEEN, PANCR TAIL,L. KINDEY LEFT LUMBAR= DESC COLON LEFT ILIAC= |
|
SEROUS MEMBRANES
65 |
2-LAYER BARRIER BETWEEN ORGANS AND WALLS OF BODY CAVITIES. FLUID BETWEEN IS SLICK, LUBRICATING-PREVENTS FRICTION
|
|
VISCERAL SEROUS MEMBRANE
PARIETAL SEROUS MEMBRANE 66 |
INNER-SURROUNDS ORGANS
OUTER- LINES CAVITY WALL |
|
HEART-VISCERAL PERICARDIUM
PARIETAL PERICARDIUM PERICARDIAL CAVITY 67 |
MEMBRANE COVERS THE HEART
MEMBRANE LINES BODY WALL SMALL SPACE BETWEEN THE 2 FILLED WITH LUBRICATION |
|
LUNGS-VISCERAL PLEURA
PARIETAL PLEURA PLEURAL CAVITY 68 |
MEMBRANE COVERS LUNG
LINES BODY WALL SMALL SPACE FILLED WITH LUBRICATION |
|
ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY-
VISCERAL PERITONEUM PARIETAL PERITONEUM PERITONEAL CAVITY |
COVERS ORGANS
LINES BODY WALL SMALL SPACE FILLED WITH LUBRICATION |
|
MESENTERIES
70 |
2 LAYERS OF PERITONEUM FUSED TOGETHER- ANCHORS ORGANS TO ORGANS OR BODY WALL
|
|
RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS
71 |
KIDNEYS,ADRENAL GLANDS,PANCREAS, URINARY BLADDER, PARTS OF INTESTINES
|
|
PH
72 |
THE HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION IN A SOLUATION
NEUTRAL=7 ACIDIC=GREATER THAN 7 ALKALINE= LESS THAN 7 |
|
NORMAL HUMAN BLOOD PH
ACIDOSIS ALKALOSIS 73 |
7.35 TO 7.45
BLOOD DROPS BELOW 7.35 BLOOD PH ABOVE 7.45 |
|
OSMOSIS
74 |
DIFFUSION OF SOLVENT ACROSS A SELECTIVELY PERMBLE MEMBRANE
|
|
OSMOTIC PRESSURE
ISOTONIC HYPERTONIC HYPOTONIC 75 |
FORCE REQUIRED TO PREVENT MOVEMENT OF WATER
CELL NEITHER SHRINKS OR SWELLS CELL LOSSES WATER& SHRINKS CELL TAKES IN WATER&SWELLS |
|
3 EMBROYONIC GERM LAYERS
76 |
ECTODERM=OUTER LAYER
ENDODERM= INNER LAYER MESODERM= MIDDLE LAYER |
|
FUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIA
77 |
PROTECTION
BARRIER FILTER SECRETATION ABSORPTION |
|
EPITHELIAL BORDERS
78 |
APICAL SURFACE-SKIN OPEN TO ENVIROMENT
LATERAL SURFACE-SIDES OF TISSUSE BASAL SURFACE- ABOVE THE BASEMENT BASEMENT- UNDER SIDE OF TISSUE |
|
LAYERS OF EPITHELIUM
79 |
SIMPLE-SINGLE LAYER
STRATIFIED-MORE THAN ONE LAYER PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR- MODIFIED SIMPLE TRANSITIONAL-MODIFIED STRATIFIED |
|
SHAPE OF EPITHELIUM
80 |
SQUAMOUS-SCALELIKE-FLAT
CUBOIDAL-CUBE-SHAPED COLUMNAR-TALLER THAN THEY ARE WIDE |
|
2 MORE DISTINCTIONS OF STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
81 |
NONKERATINIZED-MOIST & FLUID = MOUTH,RECTUM,VAGINA
KERATINIZED-DRY= SKIN |
|
APICAL SURFACES DESCRIPTION
82 |
SMOOTH- REDUCES FRITION-SEROUS MEMBRANES AND LINING OF BLOOD VESSELS
MICROVILLI- INCREASES SURFACE AREA;ABSORB7SECRETE=DIGESTIVE TRACT STEREOCILIA-ELONGATED MICROVILIA= INNER EAR " HAIR CELLS" CILIA- MICROTUBLES FOR MOVEMENT=MUCOUS,UTERINE TUBES |
|
LATERAL & BASILAR DESCRIPTION
83 |
PERMABLE BARRIER
INTERCELLULAR COMMUNACATION MECHANICALLY BIND CELLS TOGETHER |
|
GLANDS
EXOCRINE ENDOCRINE 84 |
ORGANS THAT SECRETE SUBSTANCES
GLANDS WITH DUCTS GLANDS WITHOUT DUCTS |
|
CONNECTIVE TISSUSE
6 TYPES 85 |
MAKES UP PART OF EVERY ORGAN IN BODY
1) LOOSE 2) DENSE REGULAR& IRREGULAR 3) SPECIAL PROPERTIES 4) CARTILAGE 5) BONE 6) BLOOD |
|
FUNCTIONS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
86 |
ENCLOSING& SEPARTING
CONNECTING TISSUES TO EACH OTHER STORAGE CUSHION& INSULATION |
|
SPECIALIZED CELLS BY SUFFIX
87 |
BLAST= CREATE
CYTES= MAINTAIN CLASTS= BREAK DOWN |
|
EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX
88 |
PROTEIN FIBERS- ALLOWS CONNECTIVE TISSUES TO PREFORM ITS SPECFIC FUNCTIONS
|
|
NAME 3 EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX FIBERS
89 |
COLLAGEN = STRONG,FLEXIBLE, INELASTIC-TENDONS,LIGAMENTS
RETICULAR= FINE COLLAGEN, SPACE FILLERS ELASTIC= ABILITY TO STRETCH& RETURN-EPITHELAL |
|
LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DESCRIPTION 90 |
AKA-AREOLAR
ATTACHS SKIN TO UNDERLYING TISSUE MEDIUM BETWEEN STRUCTURE7 DEEP STRUCTURE COLLAGEN,RETICULAR,ELASTIC FIBERS |
|
MAST CELLS
91 |
CONTAINS HEPARIN,HISTAMINE,PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES
PLAY A ROLE IN INJURY,INFECTION,INFLAMMATION |
|
DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE
DESCRIPTION 92 |
FILLING ALMOST ALL EXTRACELLULAR SPACE
COLLAGENOUS&ELASTIC |
|
DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE
DESCRIPTION 93 |
RADOMLY ORIENTED FIBERS, ALTERNATING LAYERS PROVIDES STRENGTH WITH FLEXIBLITY
|
|
CONNECTIVE TISSUE WITH SPECIAL PROPERTIES
94 |
ADIPOSE-FAT( WARMTH,PROTECTION,ENERGY STORAGE)
RETICULAR-IRREGULAR (SPLEEN,LYMPH,CARTILAGE) |
|
CARTILAGE
96 |
FORMS FROM ITSELF FROM CHONDOCYTES
EXTENSIVE AND RIGID MATRIX FIRM BUT FLEXIBLE |
|
LACUNA
97 |
SPACES WHERE CHONDOCYTES RESIDE
|
|
NAME THREE TYPES OF CARTILAGE & THEIR LOCATIONS
98 |
HYALINE-IN THE JOINTS
FIBROCARTILAGE-INTERVERTEBRAL DISK ELASTIC- EXTERNAL EAR, EPIGLOTTIS |
|
NAME TWO WAYS CARTILAGE GROWS
99 |
APPOSTIONAL= ADDED TO THE SURFACE OF CARTILAGE
INTERSTITAL= FORMED WITHIN THE CARTILAGE |
|
BONE
100 |
HARD,ALIVE;MINERALIZED
|
|
NAME TWO TYPES OF BONE
101 |
CANCELLOUS BONE-AKA-SPONY
COMPACT BONE |
|
CANCELLOUS BONE
102 |
LAYERED NETWORK CALLED TRABECULAE, SPACES BETWEEN TRABECULAE CONTAIN BONE MARROW FOR BLOOD FORMATION
EX.-INTERIOR SKULL,VERTEBRAE,PELVIS |
|
COMPACT BONE
103 |
ALMOST NO SPACE BETWEEN THIN LAYERS CALLED LAMELLAE
EX.- SHAFTS OF LONG-BONES; SURFACE OF ALL BONES |
|
TWO TYPES OF BONE MARROW
104 |
RED=PRODUCES RED& WHITE BLOOD CELLS
YELLOW= DOESN'T PRODUCE BLOOD- YELLOW ADIPOSE |
|
HEMOPOIETIC TISSUE
105 |
ANOTHER NAME FOR BONE MARROW
|
|
MUSCLE TISSUSE
104 |
CONTAINS THE ABILITY TO CONTRACT OR SHORTEN MOVEMENT OF THE BODY AS WELL AS MOVEMENT. 40% OF BODY WEIGHT
|
|
NAME THREE TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE-TYPE OF CONTROL- APPERANCE
105 |
SKELETAL=VOLUNTARY CONTROL-STRIATED
CARDIAC-HEART-INVOLUNTARY- CYLINDRICAL STRIATED SMOOTH-INVOLUNTARY-NO STRIATIONS-WALLS OF HOLLOW ORGANS |
|
NERVOUS TISSUE
106 |
2 SYSTEMS-CNS=BRAIN& SPINAL CORD
PNS= PERIPHERAL NERVES |
|
NEURONS DESCRIPTION
107 |
CELL BODY=NUCLEUS&CELL FUNCTIONS
DENDRITES=RECIEVE ACTION POTENTIAL AXON= CONDUCT ACTION POTENIAL TOWARDS NEXT NEURON |
|
NEUROGLIA
108 |
SUPPORTS CELLS CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PROVIDES FOOD,PROTECTION,INSULATION |
|
NAME THREE TYPES OF MEMBRANES
109 |
MUCOUS-EPITHELIAL, LOOSE CONNECTIVE
SYNOVIAL-LUBRICATION&NUTRITION SEROUS-LINES CAVITIES |
|
MUCOUS MEMBRANE
110 |
EPITHEIAL, LAMINA PROPRIA ( LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE) SECRETE MUCOUS
RESPIRATORY-REMOVES DUST DIGESTIVE-EXCRETION REPRODUCTIVE-LUBRICATION |
|
SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES
111 |
COMBO DENSE CONNECTIVE,ARELAR,ADIPOSE
LINE JOINTS-LUBRICATION & NUTRITION JOINT CARTILAGE- GREASED ICE LIKE WD40 FOR THE BODY |
|
SEROUS MEMBRANES
112 |
LINE CAVITIES, PREVENTS FRICTION
|