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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Competency |
Applies fundamental knowledge to provide basic emergency care ad transportation based on assessment findings for an acutely injured pt |
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Core Concepts |
Understanding chest injuries and e-care for chest injuries Understanding abdominal injuries and e-care for abdominal injuries |
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Closed Chest injury |
Skin is not broken, sustained through blunt trauma and compression injuries, causing contusions and lacerations of the heart, lungs and great vessels |
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Flail Chest (Paradoxical motion) |
Closed chest injuries cause flail chest. Defined as fracture of two or more consecutive ribs in two or more places, leaving portion of chest wall unstable which can affect breathing/lung expansion and cause inadequate ventilation |
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Open Chest Injury |
Assume all open wounds to the chest are life-threatening. When air enters the chest cavity, the pressure balance within the chest-cavity is destroyed, causing lung collapse. |
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Sucking Chest Wound |
Open chest injury where breathing is severely affected. Every time the pt breathes, air can be sucked into the opening |
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Pt care: Open Chest wound |
1.Maintain open airway, provide BLS 2. Seal open chest wound quickly 3. Apply occlusive dressing to seal the wound. Dressing should be 2in. wider than the wound. 4. High flow oxygen 5. Care for shock 6. Transport ASAP 7. Consider ALS |
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Flutter-valve/Occlusive Dressing/Asherman Chest Seal |
Used for open chest wounds |
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Chest Cavity Injury: Pneumothorax & Tension Pneumothorax
+ Signs
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Pheumothorax is when air enters the chest cavity, possible causing lung collapse
Tension pneumothorax (often found with closed chest injury or after a sealed dressing has been applied) is when air has nowhere to escape which puts pressure on great vessels, heart and the unaffected lung-->sign is a distended jugular vein and distended trachea |
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Chest Cavity Injury: Hemothorax & Tension Pneumothorax + Signs |
Hemothorax: Chest cavity fills with blood Hemopneumothorax: Chest cavity fills with blood and air |
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Chest Cavity Injury: Traumatic Asphyxia + Signs |
Sudden compression of the chest. Signs: Pt's neck and face will be a darker color than the rest of the body, distended neck veins, broken blood vessels in the face, bulging eyes |
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Chest Cavity Injury: Cardiac Tamponade
+ Signs
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Injury to the heart in which blood flows into pericardial sac. Sac now compresses the chambers of the heart to the point where they no longer adequately fill
Pt will have distended neck veins, signs of shock, and narrowed pulse pressure, distended trachea |
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Chest Cavity Injury: Aortic Injury and Dissection + Signs |
Aortic Dissection: When inner layer of aortic wall begins to tear, causing blood to leak to outer layers which causes an aneurysm.
PT will complain of chest pain and exhibit signs of shock |
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Abdominal Injury: Evisceration |
An intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen |
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Abdominal Injury: Hollow Organs |
Stomach/Small and Large Bowel/Gall bladder/Urinary bladder. IF these organs are injured, these organs can spill their contents and lead to peritonitis-->abdominal muscles involuntarily contract |
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Pt care: Abdominal Injury |
For both closed and open abdominal injuries: 1. Keep airway open 2. Place pt on back, legs flexed at knees to reduce pain 3. High flow oxygen 4. Care for shock 5. Nothing to pt's mouth 6. Constantly monitor vitals 7 Transport Additional Steps for open abdominal injuries 8. Control external bleeding and dress all wounds 9. Do not touch or try to replace eviscerated organs. Apply sterile dressing soaked in sterile saline over wound site. 10. Do not remove impaled objects. Stabilize impales objects with bulky dressings bandaged in place. |