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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Many _____ contain substances originally derived from plants
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pharmaceuticals
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Ecological Services incluce
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a)
purification of air and water(wetlands) b) detoxification and decomposition of waste(bioremediation) c) cycling of nutrients (decomposers) d) moderation of weather extremes (dust bowl) and many others |
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encompass all the process though which natural
ecosystems and the species they contain help sustain human life on earth |
ecosystem services
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one
that is in danger of becoming extinct throughout its range |
endangered species
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likely to become endangered in the foreseeable
future |
threatened species
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Biodiversity Three Levels
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Species Diversity
ecosystem diversity |
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of all the alleles in a population
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genetic diversity
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the variation of species in an ecosystem or
throught the biosphere |
species diversity
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identifies the variety of ecosystems in the
biosphere |
ecosystem diversity
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Major threats to Biodiversity
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habitat loss
Introduced species Pollution Population (humans) overexploytation |
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single greatest threat to the biosphere
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human alteration of habitats
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are those that humans move from the species'
native location to new geographical regions |
Introduced species
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generally to the human harvesting of wild plants
or animals |
over exploitation
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Over exploitation still a problem in the ocean because
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in is not
protected by a single group |
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relatively broad category that includes
basically all the chemicals that humans introduce to the biosphere |
pollution
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populations in which there are few individuals
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small populations
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population conservation
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population size, genetic diversity, and critical habitats
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2 types of species levels of endangerement
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small pop and declining pop
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a small population is prone to positive feedback loops. These draw a population down the extinction vortex
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the Extinction vortex
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the Extinction vortex is a __ feedback system
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postive
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(iv) the key factor in driving the extinction vortex
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loss of genetic diversity
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inbreeding leeds to
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low genetic variability
organisms are less likely to adapt builds up detritus alleles |
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the minimum population size at which a species is able to sustain numbers to survive
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minumin viable population sized
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Predicts a population's chances for survival over a particular time
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population viability analysis (PVA)
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those that are less abundant than historically
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declining populations
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as fragmentation increases ____ become more extensive
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edges
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a narrow strip of quality habitat connecting
otherwise isolated patches |
corridor
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is
relatively small area with an exceptional concentration of endemic species and a large number of endangered species |
biodiversity hot spot
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attempts to restore degraded Ecosystems to a
more natural state |
restoration ecology
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the larger the area disturbed the more
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time that is required for recovery
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2 key strategies in restoration ecology
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Bioremediation
Biological Augmentation |
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-the use of living organisms to detoxify ecosystems
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bioremediation
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-organs are used to add essential materials to a degraded ecosystem
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augmentation
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a) seeks to improve the human condition while conserving biodiversity
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sustainable development
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The goal of this initiative is to define and acquire the basic ecological information necessary for the intelligent and responsible development, management, and conservation of Earth's resources
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5. Sustainable Biosphere Initiative
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list of endangered species across the global
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IUCN red list
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A large percentage of the endangered and
threatened species are due to the |
human kind
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___%of all species that have occurred on the earth
are Extinct |
99
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the number of species that were doomed to extinction
without human interaction |
back ground extinction
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some ecosystem services
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purification of air and water -build
wetlands Detoxification and decomp. of toxins -cycling of nutrients -moderation of weather extremes |
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is one is endanger of becoming extinct,
throughout its range |
endangered species
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is endangered of being endangered, (Ex. Bald
Eagle) is not become extinct soon but is getting there |
threatened
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In conservation biology is trying to conserve ________
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biodiversity
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three types of biodiversity is being observed
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genetic diversiy
species diversity ecological diversity |
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the sum of all the alleles in a populations
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genetic diversity
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number of species in an area
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species diversity
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the diversity of ecosystems in a biosphere
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ecosystem diversity
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Cause of Lack in Biodiversity
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Habitat Loss
Invasive species population (humans) Pollution Overexploitation |
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greatest individual threat to biodiversity to the world today
connected to human population |
habitat destruction
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species taken from one area and put in the other
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introduced species
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can't grow out in the wild
_____ introduced species are more harmful than the ______, ___ compete cause a change in interations |
wild
dometicated wid |
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Most species are
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exotic
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Introduced species upset the
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competitive balance of an
ecosystem |
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Overexplotation-
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over hunting--
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everything humans have introduced into the biosphere
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pollution
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focuses on population size, genetic diversity, and critical habitat
are going to come in contact with one or two of the biotic factors in a population |
Population Conservation
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species has declined in number that there are very few left
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small poulation
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positive feedback system
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extinction vortex
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Some level population size that if it get below
it. the species is doomed. This is due to inbreeding and other population effects |
MVP
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calculate MVp we must look at the
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population
viability analysis |
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breeding pattern is
calculated |
Effecive population size
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causes isolation- genetic diversity is low
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fragmentation
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Look at the geographic range where the most
endangered species live |
biodiversity hot spot
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attempts to
restore degraded ecosystems and returning it to a native state Have to restore has to convert the species to its natural area |
restoration Ecology
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Bio remediation
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using organisms to detoxify and area-taking bacteria that can take a toxin and convert it back into something useable in and environment
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Biological Augmentation
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uses
organism to add things back into our system ex. adding lugumes to a denitrified soil |
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is using natural resources the best way possible
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sustainable development.
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