Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dalton's theory
|
all matter is made of atoms
all atoms of the same element have the same mass atoms can't be divided/destroyed atoms combine in whole number ratios you can't destroy or make an atom in a reaction they only get rearranged |
|
how to figure out how many electrons are in each energy level
|
2n^2
n=energy level |
|
Protium
|
H 1/1
|
|
Deuterium
|
H 2/1
|
|
Tritium
|
H 3/1
|
|
Calculating average atomic mass
|
69.17% Cu63
30.83% Cu65 (.6917)(63)+ (.3083)(65)=63.5 AMU |
|
Where are the metals?
|
to the left of the willis
|
|
Where are the nonmetals?
|
to the right of the willis
|
|
When electrons move up....
|
they absorb energy
|
|
When electrons move down....
|
they emit energy (in the form of photons)
|
|
Lyman series
|
electrons that fall from any level down to level 1 are within the lyman series (ultraviolet light)
|
|
Balmer series
|
electrons that fall from any level down to level 2 are in the balmer series (visible light)
|
|
Paschen series
|
electrons that fall from any level down to level 3 fall within the paschen series (infrared)
|
|
Visible light spectrum
|
ROYGBIV
R= long wavelength small frequency V= Short wavelength high frequency |
|
Electromagnetic spectrium
|
GXUVIMR
G= High frequency short wavelength R= Low frequency long wavelength |
|
spdf
|
s=2
p=6 d=10 f=14 |
|
Pauli exclusion principle
|
in each orbital you can't have 2 electrons spinning the same way- only 2 electrons fit in each orbital
s has one orbital= 2 electrons p has 3 orbitals= 6 electrons d has 5 oribtals= 10 electrons f has 7 orbitals= 14 electrons |
|
Aufbau
|
an electron will always occupy the lowest energy level first
it always goes to the s first |
|
Hund's rule
|
orbitals will fill by filling the lower energy levels first
|
|
D block funky rules
|
in the d block it's either full, empty, or half full
The d block steals or gives electrons to its s block to achieve this |
|
Mendeleev
|
made the first periodic table
|
|
Moseley
|
stated that properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers
|
|
Atomic radius periodic trends
|
Increases going down
Increases going left Fattest element is in the bottom left corner |
|
Electronegativity trends
|
increases going up
increases going right the most electronegative is Fluorine (top right) |
|
Ionization energy trends
|
increases going up
increases going right the hardest to ionize (remove a valence electron) are the noble gasses in the top right corner |
|
Ionic radius
|
radius of the atom when its an ion (when its reacted with something else to become the ion)
ex. NaCl vs. Cl the CL in NaCl is bigger b/c it gained an electron to bond with Na |