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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
_____ is the part of grains and plant foods that cannot be digested. Also known as roughage, this substance helps prevent constipation. |
Fiber. |
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A _____ is a nutrient that is needed for growth and to build, repair, and maintain body tissues. This substance makes up more than 50 percent of your total body weight. |
Protein. |
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A ______ is a nutrient that is the main source of energy for the body. Your body can only store limited amounts of this substance; excess amounts are stored as fat. |
Carbohydrate. |
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A macro or trace ______ is a nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions in the body. This naturally occurring inorganic substance is essential to good nutrition. |
Mineral. |
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A water-soluble or fat-soluble _____ is a nutrient that helps the body use carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This substance helps the body use the energy stored in other substances. |
Vitamin. |
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______ are supplements that contain extracts or ingredients from plants and do not have to be proven safe by the FDA. These contain substances made from plants and are classified as foods, not drugs. |
Herbal supplements. |
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A _____ is a substance in food that helps with body processes. There are six different categories of this substance. |
Nutrient. |
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A _____ is a unit of energy produced by food and used by the body. This unit is used to measure certain nutritional characteristics of food. |
Calorie. |
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_____ are the building blocks that make up proteins. To function properly, your body needs 20 of these. |
Amino acids. |
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Soy and whey in pre-made energy drinks or powders are the forms in which ______ are usually found. |
Protein supplements. |
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Types of Fat |
Unsaturated - liquid at room temperature, mainly comes from plants Saturated - solid at room temperature, mainly comes from meat, high in calories and cholesterol Trans-fat - comes from plants, high in calories and cholesterol |
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Importance of fat in diet |
1. Helps provide energy 2. Helps body use and store vitamins 3. Cushions internal organs 4. Regulated body temperature |
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Required information on food labels |
Name of food, weight + volume, manufacturer, distributer, packager, ingredients, nutrient content |
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Differed between macro and trace minerals |
Trace minerals - small amounts (iron, zinc) Macro minerals - large amounts (calcium, sodium) |
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Water soluble vs. fat soluble vitamins |
Water soluble - stored and dissolved in water, consume everyday (vitamin C + B) Fat soluble - stored and dissolved in fat, need often but not daily (vitamin A, D, E, K) |
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Importance of drinking lots of water. How much? |
Helps proper digestion, keep from dehydration, fight infection. You need 80 oz a day. |
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Incomplete proteins vs. complete proteins |
Incomplete proteins - does not captain all essential amino acids + in plants Complete proteins - has all essential amino acids + found in animals |
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Essential amino acids |
9 essential amino are found in outside food sources |
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Good sources of carbohydrates, proteins |
Carbohydrates - vegetables, beans, potatoes, pasta, bread, rice, fruit Proteins - fish, beef, chicken, port (smaller portions) |
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Glucose vs. glycogen |
Glucose - energy Glycogen - stored energy |
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Nutrient, nutrition, calorie |
Nutrient - substance in food that helps with body processes Nutrition - your diet Calorie - unit of energy produced by food |
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Examples of simple carbs |
Fruit juices, honey, milk |
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Purpose of fiber in diet. Where is it found? |
Fiber helps with proper digestion. |
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Ways to lower blood cholesterol levels |
Eat foods low in cholesterol, plenty of exercise, take medicine |
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Vitamin A in diet |
Vitamin A - fat soluble vitamin, helps integumentary system, green leafy vegetables |
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Good sources of calcium |
Helps keep bones strong, found in dairy products. |
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Herbal supplements |
Not regulated by FDA because it is considered food not drugs. |