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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The Cranial Nerves (CNs) are considered part of what Nervous System
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Peripheral Nervous system (PNS)
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The CNs innervate the head an Neck exept for...?
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CN X - Vagus nerve which innervates the viscera
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Which two CNs enter the forebrain ?
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CN I - olfactory
CN II - optic |
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What CN emerges from the cervical spinal cord and not the brain?
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CN XI - Accessory
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a mixed nerve has how many nuceli?
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Atleast 2, must have one sensory and one motor
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Four functional Components of the Spinal Nerves
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Somatic sensory, Visceral sensory, Visceral Motor, Somatic Motor
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Somatic Sensory
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-Afferent
-Pain, Temp, Mechanical stimuli from somatic structures (skin, joints, muscle) |
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During development, where are the somatic sensory cell bodies located?
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most posterior to the sulcus limitans in the alarplate
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Visceral Sensory
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-Afferent
-Receptive endings in the viscera (walls of blood vessles or digestive tract) |
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During development, where are the visceral sensory cell bodies located
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just posterior to the sulcus limitans in the alar plate
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Visceral Motor
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-Efferent
-Autonomica NS |
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during development, Visceral motor cell bodies are located where?
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Just anterior to the sulcus limitans inthe basal plate
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Somatic motor
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Efferent
-Skeletal muscle |
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During development, Somatic motor cell bodies are located where?
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Most anterior to the sulcus limitans in the basal plate
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2 Additional Components of CN's (May or may not have)
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-Special Sensory: Afferent, Special senses (vision, smell, hearing,balance)
-Brachial motor neurons: Efferent, Innervate striated muscles of the brachiomeric (structures in/near the head and neck in humans |
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Name the Somatic motor Nerves (LMN)
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III, IV, VI, XII
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Name the somatic sensory nerves
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I, II, VIII
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Name the Brachiomeric nerves
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V, VII, IX, X, XI
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Oculomotor ( nerve #, function,nuclei location)
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-CN III,
-extraocular eye movement (up and out),constricts pupil, changes shape of lens -Midbrain at the sup. colliculi |
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Lesion to CN III
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ipsilateral lateral strabismus (eye out)
Diopia-double vision Ptosis- drooping of the eyelid Mydriasis-dialted pupil |
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Trochlear Nerve (nerve #, function,nuclei location)
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-IV
- Move eye down and out -Midbrain at Inf. Collilculi |
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Lesions to CN IV
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Strabimus-crossed eyed
Diplopia-head tild to correct |
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Trigeminal (nerve #, function,nuclei location)
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-V
-Sensory: sensation of 2/3 head -Motor: controls jaw muscles for chewing -Nuceli at the Mid pons |
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Lesions of CN V
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-ipsilateral loss of sensation to head, face, inner oral cavity
-weakness in chewing, jaw deviation to one side - |
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Trigeminal Neuralgia
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Sudden, excruciating pain in the head, face, and inner oral cavity due to compression of the trigeminal nerve
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Abducens (nerve #, function,nuclei location)
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-CN VI
-abducts the eye -Nuceli located in Caudal pons (junctino of pons and medulla) |
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Lesions of CN VI
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Medial strabismus, may also have diplopia
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Facial (nerve #, function,nuclei location)
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-VII
-S: Taste for Ant. Tongue -M: Facial exp, closes eyelid, stapes of middle ear -Nuclei: Mid to Caudal pons |
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Taste buds of Ant. Tongue
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Sour,Salt,Sweet
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Taste buds of Post. Tongue
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Bitter
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Lesions to CN VII
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-decreased taste on Ant. Tongue
-Facial asymmetries |
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Bell's Palsy
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Damage to the facial nerve which causes ipsilateral loss of function in the face on the ipsilateral side.
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Glossopharyngeal (CN #, function, Nuclei location)
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-CN IX
-Taste for Post Tongue and pharyngeal sensation -Swallowing -Medulla |
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Lesion to CN IX
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-Decreased taste on post tongue
-Loss of gag and swallowing reflexes -Dysphagia-difficulty swallowing |
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Vagus (CN #, function, Nuclei location)
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- CN X
-Taste from palate to epiglottis, pressure receptors on aortic arch -Parasympathetic info to and from heart, pulmonary system, esophagus, GI tract, swallowing and speaking -Medulla |
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Lesions to CN X
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-Irregular heartbeat, difficulty breathing
-dysphonia-hoarsness -dysphagia-difficulty speaking -dysarthria-difficulty moving the mouth for speaking |
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Accessory (CN #, function, Nuclei location)
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-CN XI
-Head roation,flexion,extension, shoulder elevation and flexion -Very caudal medulla and cervical spinal cord |
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Lesions to CN XI
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-Weakness with rotating, flexing, and head
-Weakness with shoulder shrugging |
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Hypoglossal (CN #, function, Nuclei location)
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-XII
-Tongue movement -Medulla (between the pyramids and olives) |
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Lesion to CN XII
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Dysarthria
-deviation of tongue towards side of lesion -dysphagia -paralysis of ipsilateral tongue |