Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
_______ raise blood cholesterol more than any other dietary component
|
saturated fats
|
|
T or F. lauric and stearic acids do NOT raise cholesterol as much as myristic and plamitic acids
|
true
|
|
for patients with heart disease, DM, or absnomal lipids, saturated fats should be limited to ____% of total calorie intake
|
7%
|
|
list a few food with high saturated fats
|
whole milk
dairy in general brats beef meat in general |
|
cholesterol levels rise an average of ___ mg for every 100 mcg dietary cholesterol consumed
|
2.4
|
|
T or F. dietary saturated fats is much more variable than influence of dietary choelsterol on serum lipids
|
FALSE.
saturated fats are more predictable in relationship to cholesterol... why you should focus on dietary sat fats instead of dietary cholesterol |
|
patients wiht hear disease, DM, or elvated lipids shoudl be limiting cholesterol intake to ___ per day or less
|
200mg
|
|
what foods should you avoid to stay under 200mg cholesterol per day
|
eggs
liver shrimp |
|
in addition to raising LDLC, trans fats may decrease ___ nd raise lipoA and increase inflammation
|
HDL
|
|
dietary guidelines say trans fat should be what percent of calories
|
1% or less
|
|
sub of _____ for saturated and trans fats is recommended to reduce LDLC WITHOUT lowering HDLC
|
unsat
|
|
_____ fats are predominant in olive oils and avocados
____ fats are in corn, safflower, and sunflower oil |
monounsat
polyunsat |
|
since all fats are calorically dense, unsaturated fats should make up what % of total calorie intake
|
15-25%
|
|
what are the active ingredients of fish oils and how much do u need for TG benefit
|
EPA DHA
3-4 for management of TG |
|
a fiber intake of ___ to __ grams per day is recommended
|
20-30g
|
|
____ fiber can reduce LDLC and blood sugar levels
|
viscous
water soluble |
|
____ fibers tned to slow gastric emptying and maintian fullness
|
soluble
|
|
how do soluble fibers decrease cholesterol production
|
in small intestine, interfere with absorption of carbs, lipids, proteins and thereby reduce insulin. This means less HMGCOa RED and overall less cholesterol
|
|
the recommended 20-30 g of fiber can be obtained from...
|
5 + servings fruits and veggies
6 servings of grain roducts |
|
what are some good sources of viscous fiber
|
legumes
beans peas |
|
what is psyllium
|
fiber supplement for LDLC reduction
|
|
larger doses of plant staneol and sterols may reduce ____ by 5-15% by interfering with absorption of cholesterol fromthe gut
|
LDLC
|
|
excess calories lead to overproduction of ___
|
VLDL
|
|
whats wrong with carbs?
|
increase TG and decrease HDL
|
|
no more than __% of calories shoul come from
|
carbs
|
|
_____ increases produciton of hepatic TG and increases secretion of VLDL
|
alcohol
|
|
who is the step one diet for
|
general public
|
|
what diet is for elevated LDL, metabolic syndrome, or low HDL?
|
TLC
Med |
|
What are the take homes of TLC and med diet?
|
less saturated fat 7%
less cholesterol 200mg |
|
med diet emphasizes what kind of fat
|
monounsat
|
|
what is take home very low fat diet
|
<10% calories from fat
|
|
define metabolic syndrome
|
need three
TG >150 Sugar >100 BP > 130/85 HDL <40 or <50 waist circumference >40 or >35 (or on meds) |
|
who might ahve increased sodium sensitivity
|
females
elderly abdominal obesity blacks DM FH hypertension |
|
what are the bold points of the DASH diet
|
8-10 servings fruits and veggies
2-3 servings low fat dairy 1500-2400mg sodium (aka low sat fat, high fiber diet) |
|
what is sodium restriction for heart failure
|
1500-2000
|