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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How does the motor cortex connect to the body? |
Motor Cortex -> corticospinal tract -> crosses the medulla
(right side brain controls left side of body) |
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Global and local perceptual processing
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• Left side of brain = details
• Right side of brain = global aspect (big picture) |
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Which side of the brain pays attention to both sides of vision?
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Right side
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What is prosopagnosia? Which side of the brain is damaged?
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* Prosopagnosia (cannot recognize faces) more common w/
* damage to right side à process face as a whole |
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Left hemisphere damage effects on language:
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* speech fluency (Broca's aphasia)
* Speech comprehension (Wernicke's area) |
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Right hemisphere damage effects on language:
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* not getting jokes/sarcasm
* Organizing a narrative * getting a big picture |
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What is Hippocampus for? What happens if it's damaged?
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* Hippocampus: fundamental for creating new memories
* (damage = anterograde amnesia) |
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What does the left hippocampus do?
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* Left hippocampus – encodes language memories (helps create new linguistic memories)
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What does the right hippocampus do?
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* Right hippocampus – creates visual memories
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What is a seizure?
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Seizure: uncontrolled pattern of brain activity
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One way of stopping seizure?
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* Temporal lobectomy: remove part of temporal lobe generating seizure
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What does callosotomy do? Which part of corpus callosum is better to be cut?
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Callosotomy:
* prevent spread of seizure to other side of brain, results in fewer seizures and medication begins to work * Results in split brain patients * Effective to cut front part b/c it crosses motor info (seizures = motor symptoms usually) |
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What is agenesis?
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Possibility to be born without corpus callosum
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What are causes of agenesis?
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* Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in this (fetal alcohol syndrome)
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What are characteristics of agenesis?
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* Uncommon
* Can have attention impairments (ADD, OCD), etc * Not the same symptoms as an adult with a callosotomy, cannot use them to study hemispheric differences |
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What is Tachistoscopic presentation?
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• Split brain patient looks at screen and info is presented extremely fast, each side of brain knows something the other does not
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How would a split patient respond to Tachistoscopic presentation with
Ring on the right side of space and key on the left side of space? |
• Isolating pieces of info to one side of the brain
• Left side = language (ask someone to speak or to use right hand) • Right side = controls left side of body • Patient asked what he sees – says ring (left hem), but grabs the key with his left hand (right hem) |
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What is Corsi block test? What's the result when it's done on a split brain person?
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* asked to match a pattern with blocks.
* Patient performs perfect w/ left hand and struggles w/ right |
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alexia without agraphia, which are of brain is damaged?
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* Damage to posterior corpus callosum (BOS that is in right hem cannot go to left) -> can impair reading
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Alexia is inability to ___?
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read
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Agraphia is inability to ___?
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communicate through writing
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What is apraxia?
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Apraxia is the inability to execute learned purposeful movements, despite having the desire and the physical capacity to perform the movements. Apraxia is an acquired disorder of motor planning.
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What is aphasia?
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aphasia, an inability to produce and/or comprehend language
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What is an ideomotor movement?
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The ideomotor effect is a psychological phenomenon wherein a subject makes motions unconsciously; for example, the body produces tears in response to powerful emotions, without the person consciously deciding to cry.
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Ideomotor apraxia
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* inability to imitate hand gestures or pantomime tool use with either hand
* Difficulty using tools w/ either hand * Linked to tests of praxis (skilled tool use) |
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Which are is damaged in Ideomotor apraxia?
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Left parietal love
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Left hand ideomotor apraxia
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* difficulty using tools w/ left hand
• Can use tools w/ right hand but not their left controls left hand |
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How does the information travel from left parietal lobe to left/right hand?
What does this say about patients with corpus callosum cut? |
Right hand : Left parietal lobe -> left motor cortex -> controls right hand
Left hand : left parietal lobe -> right motor cortex (must cross) -> left hand o If corpus callosum is cut cannot use tools w/ left hand but can |
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Which hand does left parietal lobe damage effect?
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* Damage to left parietal lobe = problems w/ both hands
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What is anarchic hand syndrome?
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* Anarchic: know left hand is rogue and doing bad things
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What is alien hand syndrome?
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* Alien: do not recognize this as part of your body (ex. Pulling out
own hair w/ left hand and not realizing it) |
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Which hemisphere is more moral and which is bad?
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Left hem =good, moral. Right hem = immoral, inappropriate.
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