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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
urobilin
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color of stool and urine
|
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most common cause of jaundice
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hepatitis
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second most common cause of jaundice
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Gilbert's
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HepA
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most common cause of hepatitis and jaundice
|
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HBsAg > 6 months
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defines chronic HBV
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only marker present in window phase
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anti-HBc-IgM
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Anti-HbS
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protective Ab
immunization or recovery from past infection |
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extravascular hemolysis: urine UBG and urine bilirubin
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UBG +++
urine bilirubin 0 |
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cholestatis: urine UBG and urine bilirubin
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UBG 0
urine bilirubin ++ |
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viral hepatitis: urine UBG and urine bilirubin
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UBG ++
urine bilirubin ++ |
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AI hepatitis
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positive serum ANA and anti-smooth muscle antibodies
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neonatal hepatitis
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multifactorial
biopsy shows multinucleated giant cells |
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Reyes syndrome
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enceophalopathy
fatty change in liver |
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fulminant hepatic failure
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decreased transaminases
increased PT and ammonia |
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hepatic artery infarction
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uncommon
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portal vein thrombosis
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ascites
portal HTN no hepatomegaly |
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intrahepatic obstruction to blood flow
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cirrhosis is most common cause
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centrilobular necrosis
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combined LHF and RHF
"nutmeg" liver |
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most common cause of hepatic vein thrombosis
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polycythemia vera
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alcoholic hepatitis
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acetaldehyde damages hepatocytes
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extrahepatic cholestasis
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most often due to a stone in the common bile duct
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primary sclerosing cholangitis
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strong ass. with UC
obliterative fibrosis of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts jaundice, cirrhosis, and increased incidence of cholangiocarcinoma |
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regenerative nodules
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produce intrasinusoidal HTN
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portal vein formed by
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splenic and superior mesenteric
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hyperestrinism in males
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gynecomastia, spider angiomas
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primary biliary cirrhosis
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AI granulomatous destruction of bile ducts in triads
anti-mitochondrial Abs and IgM |
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hemosiderosis
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acquired Iron overload disease
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cause of hemosiderosis
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multiple blood transfusions (sicke cell and thalassemia pts)
alcohol abuse well water (iron pipes) |
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cirrhosis BUN and ammonia
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decreased BUN
increased serum ammonia |
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hypocalcemia in cirrhosis
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decreased serum albumin decreases total serum calcium
decreased vitamin D as liver needed to make 25-OH-vit D |
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liver cell adenoma
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anabolics
oral contraceptives intraperitoneal hemorrhage |
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liver mets
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most common cancer of liver
lung is most common primary site |
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increased serum AFP
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hepatocellular carcinoma
|
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cholesterol gallstones
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increased cholesterol in bile
decreased bile salts and lecithin |
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black pigment gallstone
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sign of extravascular hemolysis
calcium bilirubinate |
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brown pigment stones
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sign of common bile duct infection
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pain radiation in cholecystitis
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right scapula
|
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most common cause of acute pancreatitis
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alcohol abuse
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seat belt trauma
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most common cause of pancreatitis in children
|
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serum lipase
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more specific for amylase in pancreatitis
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persistent increase in serum amylase
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consider pancreatic pseudocyst
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