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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Skull: 2 parts
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Neurocranium (8)
Facial Skeleton (14) |
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Fontanels
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unossified remnants of the membranes in newborns.
Major fontanels are: anterior (ossified within 18-36 months), posterior, mastoid and sphenoid which are ossified within 6 month or more |
may buldge or compress due to dehydration of intercranial pressure
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jugular foramen/ fossa
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CN 9-11 internal jugular vein, all pass through
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Formen magnum
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spinal cord, vertebral arteries, CN XI
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Stylomastoid foramen
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CN VII passes through; Innervates all the superficial facial expression muscle
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Location of cerebellum
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posterior cranial fossa
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Foramen rotundum
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second branch of trigeminal nerve
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Mandible
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Largest and strongest facial bone
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Muscles of scalp:
Epicranius Muscle: (Occipitofrontalis) Has 2 bellies: Frontal (3), Occipital (2), and in between, the Galea Aponeurotica (1). Temporoparietalis M. (5) |
produces wrinkles in forehead and gives facial expression of Astonishment.
Innervation: All mimetic muscles by Facial nerve (cranial nerve CNVII) . |
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On Old Olympus Towering Tops, A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops
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I - Olfactory nerve
II - Optic nerve III - Oculomotor nerve IV - Trochlear nerve/pathic nerve V - Trigeminal nerve/dentist nerve VI - Abducens nerve VII - Facial nerve VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve/Auditory nerve IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve X - Vagus nerve XI - Accessory nerve/Spinal accessory nerve XII - Hypoglossal nerve |
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You have I nose. You have II eyes.
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I - Olfactory; II -- Optic
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Orbicularis Oculi muscle
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expression of Worry and concern
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Corrugator supercilli
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Pathetic pain muscle.
Thinker’s brow expression |
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Orbicularis Oris
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expression of reserve; closes mouth; sucking shape when strongly contracted
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Buccinator
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Allows air to be blown out of mouth; contraction = satisfaction face
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Zygomaticus Major
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lifts corners of mouth; laughter, pleasure
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Risorius
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laughing muscle; with zygomatic major produces nasolabial folds; action face
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Lavator anguli oris
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lifts angle of mouth; self confidence
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Depressor anguli oris
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pulls angle of mouth downward; sadness
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Depressor labii inferioris
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pulls lower lip down; perseverance
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Mental foramen
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permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels
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Mandibular foramen
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mandibular nerve, inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery.
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All mimetic muscles are innervated
by ___________ nerve |
Facial Nerve (CNVII)
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Muscles of Mastication
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1. Masseter
2. Temporalis 3. Lateral 4. Medial pterygoid ***All Innervated by Mandibular nerve (CNV/3). ***Develop from 1st branchial arch. |
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CNV= cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal nerve).
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It has 3 branches: ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular
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Temporalis Muscle
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Function: strongest elevator of lower jaw
NN: deep temporal N (CNV/3) |
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Masseter
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Function: powerfully closes the jaw by elevating
the mandible. NN: Masseteric N (CNV/3) |
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Congenital Torticollis (Wry neck) or Spasmodic Torticollis
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Shortening of muscle from fibrosis due to injury; happens during birth during delivery or pops up during 20-60 years of age
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Infrahyoid muscles:
Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid |
*Innervation: Most Infrahyoid muscles are innervated by cervical Ansa (C1-C3).
All infrathyroid muscles work together to approximate thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone. When mouth is open, they stabilize laryngeal cartilages and the hyoid bone. Omohyoid muscle dilates internal jugular vein lying beneath it |
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Occipital (Omotrapezoid) triangle
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Care free and careful zone
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Scalene gap
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Where Brachial plexus and Subclavian Artery run through
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Carotid triangle
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External/ internal jugular, common carotid, in/external carotid, common facial, vagus nerve, hypoglossal nerve, upper root of cervical ansa,
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Body's largest endocrine gland
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Thyroid Gland; at level of C5-T1; Produces Thyroxin which controls the rate of metabolism of the body, and Calcitonin controlling Ca++ metabolism.
Important to things like energy, memory, brain development and mood regulation |
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Ectopic Thyroid
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thyroid underdeveloped or grows in wrong places
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Parathyroid glands
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Usually 4; Produce parahormone, controlling the metabolism of P and Ca++.
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Enlargement of thyroid gland due to excessive production of thyroxin
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Goiter
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Sagital suture
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Connects parietal bones at top of skull
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Parietal foramen
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transmits parietal emissary vein which anastamoses with the superior sagittal sinus, and sometimes a small branch of the occipital artery
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Development of bones of skull by way of
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intramembranous ossificcation
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Bell's palsy
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Paralysis of facial nerve (CN VII)
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Organ housed inside the temporal bone, involved in hearing
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Organ of Corti
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Organ housed inside the temporal bone, controls balance
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Vestibular apparatus
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upper part of skull
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calvaria (cranial vault)
Consists of frontal, parietal, and occipital bones |
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Joint bringing parietal bones together?
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Sagittal suture
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Joint bringing parietal and frontal bones together?
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Coronal suture
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Location of paranasal cells
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Ethmoid bone
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Choanae
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Posterior openings of the nasal cavities at entrance to nasopharynx
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Incisive foramen contents
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Nasopalantine nerve and vessels
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Foramen ovale contents
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Maxillary nerve
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Foramen spinosum
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Transmits middle meningeal artery and mandibular nerve (V3)
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Foramen lacerum contents
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Not really a foramen b/c covered by cartilage but transmits small vessels but has the internal carotid artery run above and across (not through)
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Jugular foramen contents
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transmits internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX X, and XI (9, 10, 11)
Jugular vein: brings almost all of the blood returning from the brain |
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stylomastoid foramen contents
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contains facial nerve and stylomastoid artery
lies behind styloid process |
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Mandibular fossa
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site for articulation with mandible
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Location of the external acoustic meatus
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Anterior to mastoid process
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cranial nerve 1 (olfactory) comes up for through these fenestrations
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Cristagalle on Cribiform plate
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use of sutures of skull
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Used in practice for intervention in some conditions such as parkinson’s disease
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parkinson’s disease
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(neurodegenerative disease; part of base of ganglia damaged)
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sterotasis surgery
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reach brain from skull
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Bones of orbits (7 in total)
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sphenoid, ethmoid, lacrimal, maxillary, zygomatic, palantine, and frontal
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Cranial nerve 5 is also the _____ nerve.
Has 3 branches: _____, ______, and ______ |
trigeminal.; Is both sensory and motor
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1st- ophthalmic (sensory nerve (around eye and forehead, giving some skin innervations)
2nd- maxillary (passes through foramen rotundum, innervates interorbital part of skin on face 3rd- mandibular (contains most of motor fibers, passes through foramen ovale) |
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Structure above foramen magnum with foramen lacerum on either side (horse named ___)
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Clevus
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Subclavian vein & internal jugular vein join together to form the ___________ vein
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brachiocephalic
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Infrahyoid muscle all innervated by ________________ , coming from C1- C3
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cervical ansa
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Scalene muscles
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Most important muscles for quiet inspiration; elevate thoracic cage
NN: Brachial plexus (C4-C8). |
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main nerve of respiration* very important
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Phrenic nerve
coming from C3, C4 and C5; major nerve innervating the thoracic diaphragm (main muscles of respiration) |
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main muscles of respiration
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thoracic diaphragm
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Go to pages 447, 464, 466 and slide 39 on power point 6
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memorize pictures
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Pressure should be low or may interfere with blood flow to heart
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Internal jugular vein puncture
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