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176 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Impervious |
Impenetrable; not allowing fluid/anything to pass through |
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Docile |
Compliant |
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Distended |
Enlarged or expanded from pressure |
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Deleterious |
Causing harm or damage |
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Depress |
press downward |
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Contract |
to draw together, to reduce in size |
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Constrict |
to draw together or become smaller |
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Concise |
Brief, to the point |
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Concave |
rounded inward |
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Cavity |
an opening or am empty area |
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Anodyne |
alleviates pain |
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Adverse |
undesired, possibly harmful *vomiting is an adverse effect of many medications |
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Comprehensive |
complete |
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Aegis |
protection, support of person or organization |
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Distal |
farthest or far away from a point |
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Aural |
control; relating to the ear or sense of hearing |
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Acute |
symptoms appear and change or worsen rapidly |
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Etiology |
the cause, set of causes of a disease |
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Chronic |
develops and worsen over an extended period of time |
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Otic |
relating to the ear |
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Assent |
expression of approval or agreement |
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Convoluted |
Complex |
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Contingent |
dependent |
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Lateral |
on the side |
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Cursory |
Quick; hasty |
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Endogenous |
produced WITHIN the body |
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Exogenous |
produced OUTSIDE the body |
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Vivify |
enliven or animate |
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Transdermal |
crossing through the skin |
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Progeny |
offspring |
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Paroxysmal |
Beginning suddenly or abruptly; convulsive |
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Lethargic |
difficult to arouse |
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Kinetic |
related to movement |
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Labile |
changing rapidly or often |
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Panacea |
Cure |
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Predispose |
make more susceptible or likely to occur |
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Manifestation |
indication or sign of a condition |
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Occluded |
Closed or obstructed |
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Untoward |
adverse or negative |
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Overt |
Obvious; easily observed |
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Patent |
Patent |
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Insidious |
So gradual as to not become apparent for a long time |
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Virulent |
extremely harmful and severe |
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Posterior |
behind |
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Ubiquitous |
present, appearing or found anywhere |
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Compensatory |
Offsetting or making up for something |
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Exposure |
contact |
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Invasive |
Inserting or entering into a body part |
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Ominous |
Significantly important and dangerous |
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Pathogenic |
Causing or able to cause disease |
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Pathology |
Processes, causes and effects of a disease; abnormality |
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Precipitous |
Rapid, uncontrolled |
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Sublingual |
under the tongue |
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Exacerbated |
to make things worse |
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Latent |
hidden |
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Void |
to urinate |
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Vitamin K is created in the: |
Intestinal tract The intestinal tract contains bacteria that synthesize vitamin K that can be used throughout our body. |
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Largest organ in the body |
Skin |
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Study of tissues |
histology |
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Erythropoiesis |
process which produces erythrocytes (red blood cells); RBC formation |
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Hemopoiesis. |
Blood cell formation |
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What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle cells? |
Muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres. |
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A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need which of the following? |
A cane or crutch The vastus lateralis muscle is a voluntary muscle in the legs. It is a part of the quadriceps. This person will most likely need a cane or crutches to assist in walking. |
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Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding action of: |
filaments During muscle contraction, filaments slide together by using energy supplied by ATP. |
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The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility? |
Vital functions The medulla oblongata is responsible for basic vital functions, including respiration and heart rate. |
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What do Simple reflexes, also known as a spinal reflexes do? |
travel through the spinal cord only, and do not reach the brain. |
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What is the primary role of estrogen in the female reproductive system? |
thicken the endometrium in preparation for pregnancy. |
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What is the role of cortisol? |
Reduce inflammation, raise blood sugar level and Inhibit the release of histamine. |
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How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord? |
31 |
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The base of the skull is also known as: |
foramen magnum |
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Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) |
acts as a secondary messenger that remains at the cell surface. (It is made by adenylate cyclase). |
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Atomic Number |
is the # of protons, located at the top of |
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Elements that are in the same column of the periodic table are in the same: |
group, they are 18 groups in periodic table |
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What is the purpose of scientific notation? |
The purpose is to handle both smaller and bigger numbers more easily. |
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Nano |
billionth |
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Isotopes |
Elements which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. Elements with the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. |
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What is the charge on sodium in the compound NaCl ? |
+1 |
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A student is observing a chemical reaction occurring with visible bubbling. The bubbling eventually stops. The student can see that some of the original reactants are still intact inside the beaker, so he knows that not all the reactant has been used up. Therefore, the student knows he is now observing: |
Equilibrium |
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Scientific notation |
scientific system of writing numbers |
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Chemical reactions |
making or changing chemical bonds between elements or compounds to create new chemical compounds with different formulas and different chemical properties |
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5 main types of chemical reactions: |
synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single replacement and double replacement |
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Synthesis/Combination |
2 or more elements combine to form one product. Example potassium chloride salt. 2K + 2Cl becomes 2KCl |
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Decomposition reaction |
breaking of a compound into its component parts. reactant split into 2 or more simpler products. Example NaCl breaks down NA+Cl- |
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Anion |
atom with negative charge |
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Cation |
atom with positive charge |
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Combustion reaction |
carbon containing compound burns in oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water. Energy is released in the form of heat |
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Single replacement reaction |
one element/more active metal takes the place of a less active metal/different element in another reacting compound. Example Zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid Zn +2HCl >>>>H2+ZnCl2 |
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Double replacement reaction |
2 elements/positive ions in the reactants exchange places. The reactants are 2 ionic compounds |
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Equilibrium |
reactants are forming products at the same rate that products are forming reactants. |
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Atomic Mass |
average mass of each of that element's isotopes |
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how do you calculate the atomic mass |
To calculate the atomic mass, sum the number of protons and the number of neutrons inside of the nucleus. |
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deci |
tenth |
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centi |
hundredth |
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milli |
thousandth |
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micro |
millionth |
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pico |
trillionth |
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Lactate |
also known as lactic acid, is responsible for the muscle burning or cramping feeling that accompanies intense exercise. |
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DNA is made up of which of the following nucleotides? |
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine |
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6 noble gases |
Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon and all are stable because outer shells are filled/complete, non relative elements |
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3 tiny bones of the middle ear: |
Malleus, Incus and Stapes |
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Purpose of the tiny bones of the middle ear: |
transfer sound vibrations to the inner ear from the eardrum |
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Function of nerve impulses in order to make body move |
cause contractions |
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Hormones that prepare the female's breast for milk production originate in the: |
Placenta |
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Principal function of circulatory system |
distribution of wastes includes distribution of nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones, electrolytes and acid-base balance. Principal organ: heart |
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Function of the medulla |
maintains heart rate and breathing |
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Cells that form compact bones: |
Osteoblasts |
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innermost layer of the epidermis |
Stratum basale |
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function of the valves in the circulatory system |
preventing reverse blood flow |
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The valve on the right side of the heart |
Tricuspid |
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shape of red blood cells |
discoid |
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Layers of the digestive tract |
Serous, Muscular, sub mucous and mucous |
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Neutrophils, Eosinophils and Basophils |
White blood cells |
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Whites blood cells are known as |
Granulocytes |
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The heart is________to the diaphragm |
Superior |
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bones of the skull and rib cage parts of which skeleton |
axial |
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Sternum |
breast bone |
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Arteries |
carry blood away from the heart |
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Viens |
carry blood towards the heart |
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Synovial joints |
joints made of smooth cartilage pads that are filled and located at the end of articulating bones |
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Red blood cells |
Erythrocytes |
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Neutrophils |
attack and destroy bacteria and viruses |
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Eosinophils |
fights against parasitic infections |
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Basophils |
histamine-releasing allergens |
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Luteinizing hormone |
produced by pituitary gland and helps the body regulate estrogen and testosterone |
|
inhalation requires the contraction of the diaphragm to: |
enlarge the thoracic cavity and bring air into the lungs |
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Phagocytosis |
process in which a white blood cells eats again red blood cells and releases the contents into the blood |
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Humerus |
upper arm |
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Stages of Mitosis |
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telaphase |
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Septum |
layer of muscle that divides the right and left ventricles from the right and left atria |
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Ribosomes |
organelle known as the cell's protein factories and a unit membrane DOES NOT surround it |
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How many amino acids are required to make all the proteins necessary for life |
20 |
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Sarcomere |
smallest unit of a muscle |
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S block of the periodic table consists of |
Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals |
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Endocrine system and nervous system meet at |
the hypothalamus and pituitary gland |
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Peripheral Nervous System |
voluntary because the responses can be controlled consciously |
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Peripheral Nervous System divides into: |
Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system |
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Central Nervous System |
processes information received from all over the body |
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Diarthrosis |
freely movable joint i.e elbow |
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Amphiarthroses |
slight amount of movement |
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Synarthroses |
no movement |
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which systems provide acid-base balance as one of its principal functions |
skeletal, respiratory and circulatory |
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Transcription |
first step in the creation of mRNA from a strand of DNA |
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Products of photosynthesis |
oxygen and glucose, which becomes the raw materials for cell respiration |
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products of cell respiration |
water, carbon dioxide and ATP |
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codon |
group of 3 bases found along the stretch of RNA are specific for amino acids |
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Phenotype |
all the observable characteristics of an organism
|
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Rough ER |
organelle responsible for membrane production and protein synthesis |
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Smooth ER |
responsible for detoxification and metabolism of various molecules |
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Lysosomes |
responsible for intracellular digestion |
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Mitochondria |
responsible for production of cell energy |
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Iconic bond |
chemical bond that has relatively weak attraction between an anion and a cation |
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covalent bond |
chemical bond that shares one or more pairs of electrons between nuclei |
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van der waals |
chemical bond that has a weakest attraction of all bonds due to random disturbances int he electron clouds |
|
hydrogen bond |
chemical bond that has a weak attraction between polarized molecules |
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Clause |
group of words that has a subject and predicate |
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Epithelial tissue |
lines the outer covering of the body and organs |
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4 types of animal tissue |
epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous |
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flat bones |
thin bones that have broad surfaces |
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inner ear |
labyrinth |
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Labyrinth or inner ear |
body's sense of balance |
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Aortic valve |
responsible for opening in order to allow oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta |
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hair cells inside of the organ of Corti |
detect sound |
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Sinoatrial node |
initiates the heart's intrinsic beat |
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S phase |
when DNA is replicated |
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G1, S and G2 phases |
Interphase |
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DNA replication |
must first occur before a cell can be divided to grow, develop and reproduce organisms |
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Meiosis |
process that determines the division of reproductive cells in a sexually reproducing organism |
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Result of Meiosis one and Meiosis two |
4 daughter cells |
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Pleiotropy |
one gene influencing multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits |
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Enzymes (cell) |
catalyzed all of the reactions that occur in a cell |
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What base does the adenine nitrogenous base bond with? |
Thymine |
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Cellulose |
polysaccharide that is made by plants |
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Glycogen |
polysaccharide that is made by animals |
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Starches are known as |
Polysaccharides |
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chemical bond |
formed when one ate, chemical or element is joined to another |
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Chemical property causes water to conduct electricity |
Ions |