Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Elastic
|
an object that can recover its shape after a force deforms it.
|
|
Periodic Motion
|
motion that is repeated
|
|
Vibration
|
the back and forth motion that occurs in periodic motion
|
|
Cycle
|
one complete vibration
|
|
Amplitude
|
maximum displacement from the equilibrium position
|
|
Period
|
the time required for a complete cycle
|
|
Frequency
|
the number of cycles per second.
Unit of measure: Hertz |
|
Pulse
|
a single disturbance
|
|
Periodic wave
|
a repeated disturbance
|
|
Wave
|
a traveling distrubance that transports energy.
|
|
Longitudinal Wave
|
disturbance that causes particles to move closer together. Acts parallel to its motion.
|
|
Transverse Wave
|
a disturbance that causes motion perpendicular to the direction that the wave is moving
|
|
Pitch
|
the frequency that the ear perceives
|
|
Wavelength
|
distance between identical and adjacent points on a wave
|
|
Wave Front
|
all of the particles in the medium that are in phase together
|
|
Refraction
|
when a wave bends because the wave front encounters a bondary from an angle
|
|
Reflection
|
when a wave disturbance turns back on itself when encountering a boundary
|
|
Diffraction
|
the spreading of a wave disturbance around the edge of an obstruction
|
|
Interference
|
when two or more waves interact with one another, the individual waves combine to make a new disturbance
|
|
Constructive Interference
|
when the amplitude is greater than either of the two seperate waves
|
|
Destructive Interference
|
when the amplitude is smaller than at least one of the combining waves
|
|
Intensity
|
the energy of a wave; the power transmitted by a wave to a unit area perpendicula to the wave
|
|
Loudness
|
the sensation of sound that the person perceives
|
|
Resonance
|
when an outside frequency from a vibrating source matches the natural frequency of an object and causes it to vibrate
|
|
Fundamental Frequency
|
the lowest frequency possible by an instrument; also referred to as the first harmonic
|
|
The Doppler Effect
|
the sound effect of a higher pitch perceived as the source of sound approaches, but changes to a lower pitch as it moves away; it is a perceived shift of frequency
|
|
Standing Wave
|
alternating places of destructive interference, NODES, and constructive waves,ANTINODES.
|
|
Mach 1
|
at the speed of sound
|
|
Mach 2
|
twice the speed of sound
|
|
Ion
|
an atom that formed from gaining or losing electrons
|
|
Electrostatic Charge (static electricity)
|
charge that is confined to a non-moving object
|
|
Coulomb's Law
|
The size of the electrical force depends on the amount of charge of each object and the distance between the two objects
|
|
Electric Current
|
a flow of charge
|
|
electric current (amps)
|
quantity of charge (C)
---------------------- time (s) |
|
Conductor
|
any substance that allows charges to flow easily
|
|
Insulator
|
any substance that does not allow charges to flow
|
|
Semiconductors
|
depending on the conditions, a substance that sometimes acts as a conductor and sometimes acts as an insulator
|
|
Resistance
|
property of opposing or reducing a current
|
|
Superconductors
|
substances, where at very low temperatures, resistance may get very close to, or approaches, zero
|
|
Direct Current
|
current always moves in one direction
|
|
Alternating Current
|
current can move in one direction, then change and move in the other direction
|
|
Voltage
|
a ratio that gives the amount of work done in the circuit
|
|
Series Circuit
|
describes a circuit that provided a single conducting path without junctions
|
|
Parallel Circuit
|
describes two or more components in a circuit that are connected across junctions, providing seperate conducting paths for the current
|
|
Resistance
|
is a ratio between the voltage and resulting current
|
|
Resistance
|
Voltage (watts)
------------------- Electric Current (amps) |
|
Power (ohms)
|
Voltage (watts) x Electric Current (amps)
|
|
Magnetic Field
|
surrounds a magnet & can be represented by lines
|
|
Magnetic Declination
|
where the North magnetic pole is different from the geographic North pole
|
|
Solenoid
|
produced when many loops of wire are formed into a cylindrical coil.
|
|
Galvanometer
|
a device that measures electric current by measuring the magnetic field that is produced
|
|
Electric Motors
|
converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
|
|
Electromagnetic Induction
|
when a moving magnet, moving past a wire loop, produces an electric field
|
|
Electric Generators
|
converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
|
|
Luminous
|
when an object produces light
|
|
Incandescent
|
when visible light is given off from an object because of its high temperature
|
|
Electromagnetic Spectrum
|
the complete range of the frequencies of electromagnetic waves
|
|
Black-Body Radiation
|
electromagnetic radiation of all different frequencies that is emitted from an object at any temperature
|
|
Sun
|
an example of an object that gives off infrared, visible and ultraviolet radiation
|
|
Incident Ray
|
original light ray
|
|
Reflected ray
|
ray that results after hitting mirror (or other boundary)
|
|
Normal
|
imaginary line down perpendicular to the surface of boundary
|
|
Law of reflection
|
the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection
|
|
Virtual Image
|
an image where rays of light APPEAR to originate
|
|
Real Image
|
an image made where light originates from the image
|
|
Refraction
|
The change in direction of a light ray at the boundary between two mediums.
|
|
Refraction
|
A property of light that causes objects to appear bent.
|
|
Index of Refraction
|
a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light through the transparent medium
|
|
Converging Lens
|
Another name for a convex lens
|
|
Diverging Lens
|
Another name for a concave lens
|
|
Prism
|
An object used that can split of white light
|
|
Dispersion
|
the effect of spreading colors of light nito a spectrum with a material that has an index of refraction that varies with wavelength
|
|
Interference pattern
|
a diagram of light that shows areas of brightness and darkness
|
|
Photoelectric Effect
|
Electrons moving, or ejected, as a result of energy acquired from light
|
|
Photon
|
a quantum of energy in a light wave
|
|
Newton
|
scientist who supported the particle theory of light
|
|
Huygens
|
scientist who supported the wave theory of light
|
|
Particle Nature
|
blackbody radiation and the photoelectric effect support this nature of light
|
|
Wave Nature
|
reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction, and polarization support this nature of light
|