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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epaxial Musculature-shark |
dorsal musculature of the midbody region above horizontal septum |
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hypaxial musculature-shark |
ventral musculature of the midbody region below horizontal septum |
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horizontal septum-shark |
line dividing the muscles of the middle of the body |
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myomeres-shark |
z-shaped segments of trunk musculature |
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myosepta-shark |
connective tissue dividing myomeres into sections |
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linea alba-shark |
connective tissue separating left and right myomeres midventrally |
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pectoral abductor-shark |
dorsal musculature of pectoral fin |
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pectoral adductor-shark |
ventral musculature of pectoral fin |
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spiracularis-shark |
anterior to spiracular valve |
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levator palatoquadrati-shark |
first muscle behind head anterior to spiracularis |
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levator hymandibulae-shark |
posterior to the spiracle-raises the hyomandibular during contraction |
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adductor mandibulae-shark |
muscle directly behind the mouth-closes the mouth |
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dorsal hyoid constrictor-shark |
lies between the adductor mandibulae and the first pharyngeal slit dorsally |
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ventral hyoid constrictor-shark |
lies between the adductor mandibulae and the first pharyngeal slit ventrally |
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dorsal superficial branchial constrictors-shark |
extend medially along the branchial slits dorsally |
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ventral superficial branchial constrictors-shark |
extend medially along the branchial slits ventrally |
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Cucullaris-shark |
triangular muscle lying dorsal to hyoid constrictors |
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Epibranchials-shark |
dorsal to cucullaris, anterior portion of epaxial musculature |
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Intermandibularis-shark |
left and right muscles that radiate fanlike from the Meckel's cartilage |
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Interhyoides-shark |
layer of muscle just above the intermandibularis |
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Corocomandibular-shark |
long midventral cylindrical muscle extending between lower jaw and to the coracoid bar |
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coracohyoids-shark |
lie on either above and to either side of the corocomandibular, extend to the basihyal |
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coracoarcuals-shark |
lie anterior to the hypaxial musculature and medial to the ventral superficial branchial constrictors, connecting to the corocohyoid |
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horizontal septum-mudpuppy |
line dividing epaxial and hypaxial musculature |
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epaxial musculature-mudpuppy |
trunk musculature lying dorsally to the horizontal septum |
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hypaxial musculature-mudpuppy |
trunk musculature lying ventrally to the horizontal septum |
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myomeres-mudpuppy |
simple compartmentalized musculature of the trunk |
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myosepta-mudpuppy |
line dividing myomeres into individual sections |
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Dorsalis trunci-mudpuppy |
superficial epaxial longitudinal muscle extending anteroposteriorly from the trunk into the tail |
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external oblique-mudpuppy |
superficial hypaxial musculature extending posteroventrally |
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internal oblique-mudpuppy |
lying deeper than external oblique, hypaxial musculature extending posteroventrally |
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transversus abdominis-mudpuppy |
deepest layer of hypaxial musculature |
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rectus abdominis-mudpuppy |
ventral subdivision of the hypaxial musculature, extending anteroposteriorly just lateral to linea alba |
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adductor mandibulae externus-mudpuppy |
bulky lateral muscle of the head posterior to the eye |
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adductor mandibulae anterior-mudpuppy |
bulky dorsal muscle of the head immediately next to spinal column |
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branchiohyoideus-mudpuppy |
cheekbone muscle posterior to edge of mouth and ventral to adductor mandibulae externus |
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latissimus dorsi-mudpuppy |
muscle dorsal to arm and posterior to scapula which abducts the arm backwards |
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dorsalis scapulae-mudpuppy |
muscle that lies superfically over scapula, posterior to cucullaris and anterior to latissimus dorsi |
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cucullaris-mudpuppy |
anterior to dorsalis scapulae, pulling scapula anterodorsally |
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pectoriscapularis-mudpuppy |
pull the scapula anteriorly, lie anterior to cucullaris and dorsally to rectus cervicis immediately behind gills |
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procoracohumeralis-mudpuppy |
muscle ventral to rectus cervicis where the human shoulder would be |
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dilatator laryngis-mudpuppy |
delicate muscle lying dorsal to external gills, anterior and dorsal of cucullaris above pectoriscapularis |
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levatores arcuum-mudpuppy |
anterior to dilatator laryngis, dorsal to the gills |
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sphincter colli-mudpuppy |
muscles ventral to branchiohyoideus extending to the linea alba on the bottom of the jaw |
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intermandibularis-mudpuppy |
superficial ventral muscle of the head most anteriorly |
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interhyoideus-mudpuppy |
superficial ventral muscle of the head posterior to the intermandibularis |
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geniohyoideus-mudpuppy |
muscle above the superficial muscle of the lower jaw, between mandibular symphisis and the basibranchial, long and thin |
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rectus cervicis-mudpuppy |
muscle directly posterior to the sphincter colli, which passes underneath it, moves laterally up to the pectoriscapularis |
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supracoracoideus-mudpuppy |
muscle directly between the procoracohumeralis and pectoralis ventrally |
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pectoralis-mudpuppy |
muscle directly medial and ventral to arm connection |
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triceps-mudpuppy |
back of arm muscle extending forearm |
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coracobrachialis-mudpuppy |
ventraomedial extending between coracoid plate and distal end of humerus, closest to medial part of arm |
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humeroantebrachialis-mudpuppy |
anterior to coracobrachialis extending between radius and humerus flexing the forearm |
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middorsal septum-mudpuppy |
line extending along spine |
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linea alba-mudpuppy |
line extending along stomach |
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lumbodorsal fascia-cat |
white covering the back above the legs |
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Latissimus dorsi-cat |
muscle originating from the lumbodorsal fascia that extends up to scapula |
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external oblique-cat |
superficial muscle dorsal to the latissimus dorsi extending to the linea alba |
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spinotrapezius-cat (O) |
triangular superficial muscle immediately anterior to the latissimus dorsi O: middorsal line from neural processes of most thoracic vertebrae |
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acromiotrapezius-cat |
muscle anterior to the spinotrapezius that is wider lying superficial to the scapula |
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levator scapulae ventralis-cat |
dorsal to the acromiodeltoid extending anterodorsally and passing deep to the posterior margin of the clavotrapezius |
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clavotrapezius-cat |
most anterior trapezius muscle covers most of the neck laterally, pulls scapula anterodorsally |
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clavobrachialis-cat (O,I,A) |
continuation of the clavotrapezius that inserts on the ulna O: clavicle and raphe shared with clavotrapezius I: medial surface of ulna A: flexes antebrachium |
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sternomastoid-cat (O,I,A) |
anterior to clavotrapezius O: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum I: lateral portion of nuchal crest of skull and mastoid processes of temporal A: acting singly-flexes neck laterally acting together-moves snout down |
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spinodeltoid-cat (O,I,A) |
extends anteroventrally from the scapular spine, superficial to the traceps brachii O: middle third of spine of scapula I: deltoid ridge of humerus A: flexes and laterally rotates humerus |
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acromiodeltoid-cat (O,I,A) |
covers anterior portion of spinodeltoid, posterior to clavobrachialis O: posterior margin of acromion of scapula I: lateral surface of spinodeltoid muscle A: flexes and rotates humerus laterally |
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Levator scapulae ventralis-cat (A) |
lies anterior to acromiotrapezius, extends below the clavotrapezius, dorsal to acromiodeltoid A: draws scapula anteriorly |
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triceps brachii-cat (A)
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lies lateral to front leg, passing below spinodeltoid, divided into long head dorsally, lateral head to the outside, and medial head lies below the two A: extend the antebrachium |
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pectoantebrachialis-cat (O,I,A) |
connects the two front elbows, superficial to the pectoralis major O: manubrium of sternum I: fascia covering proximal surface of antebrachium A: adducts humerus |
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epitrochlearis-cat |
thin muscle covering the surface of the brachium posterior to the pectoantebrachialis |
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pectoralis major-cat (O,I,A) |
dorsal to the pectoantebrachialis, almost entirely covered by it O: anterior sternebrae I: pectoral ridge of humerus A: adducts humerus |
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pectoralis minor-cat (O,I,A) |
muscle lying dorsal and posterior to the pectoralis major O: body of sternum I: pectoral ridge of humerus A: adducts humerus |
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xiphihumeralis-cat (O) |
long thin muscle lying dorsal and posterior to the pectoralis minor O: xiphoid process of sternum |
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supraspinatus-cat (O,I,A) |
fills the supraspinous fossa of the scapula, beneath the latissimus dorsi and spinotrapezius O: supraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tuberosity of humerus A: extends humerus |
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infraspinatus-cat (O,I,A) |
occupies the the infraspinous fossa of the scapula O: infraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tuberosity of humerus A: rotates humerus laterally |
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teres major-cat |
arises from the scapula, posteroventral to the infraspinatus |
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rhomboideus-cat (O,I,A) |
extend anteromedially between the dorsal border of the scapula and the middorsal line O: posterior cervical and anterior thoracic vertebrae I: posterior part of dorsal border of scapula A: rotates and draws scapula anteriorly |
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rhomboideus capitis-cat |
extends separately as a narrow band toward the back of the skull, rotates and pulls the scapula anteriorly |
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splenius-cat |
large flat muscle covering the neck dorsolaterally, covered by the rhomboideus capitis |
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serratus ventralis-cat |
ventral to rhomboideus extending between scapula and thorax, anterior to supraspinatus |
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subscapularis-cat (O,I,A) |
large muscle covering the medial surface of the scapula, converges towards apex of scapula O: subscapular fossa of scapula I: lesser tuberosity of humerus A: adducts humerus |
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biceps brachii-cat (A) |
anterior to triceps brachii, seen below the pectoralis group and clavobrachialis A: flexes antebrachium |
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biceps femoris-cat (A) |
most conspicuous superficial muscle of the thigh covering most of the posterior portion A: flexes crus, abducts thigh |
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semitendinosus-cat |
beneath the biceps femoris extending posteriorly |
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semimembranosus-cat |
beneath the semitendinosus extending posterior to it |
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sartorius-cat |
anterior edge of the thigh with extensive medial portion |
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gluteus medius-cat |
posterior to the dorsal portion of the sartorius |
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gluteus superficialis-cat |
posterior to the gluteus medius |
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gluteofemoralis-cat |
posterior to the gluteus superficialis continuing distally deep to the biceps femoris |
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tensor fascia latae-cat |
flexor of the thigh, directly between sartorius and gluteal musculature |
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fascia lata-cat |
tough membrane connected to the tensor fascia latae and knee joint anterior to biceps femoris |
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gracilis-cat |
large muscle on the posteromedial side which flexes the crus and adducts the thigh |
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iliopsoas-cat |
small muscle just anterior to the end of the femoral artery/vein flexes rotates the thigh |
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pectineus-cat |
posterior to the femoral vessels passing over the iliopsoas |
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Adductor longus-cat (A) |
adductor of the thigh between pectineus and adductor femoris A: adducts and flexes thigh |
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Adductor femoris-cat (A) |
large adductor of the thigh posterior to adductor longus deep to sartorius A: adducts and extends thigh |
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Quadriceps femoris-cat |
group of main musculature that extends the crus beneath the biceps femoris and extending to the medial side of the thigh |
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vastus lateralis-cat |
large muscle beneath the biceps femoris and the tensor fascia lata, lateral and beneath sartorius |
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vastus medialis-cat |
muscle on medial side of leg beneath sartorius near rectus femoris |
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vastus intermedius-cat |
behind and distal (away from center of body) to vastus lateralis |
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rectus femoris-cat (O,I,A) |
anterodorsal to vastus lateralis O: ventral margin of ilium anterior to acetabulum I: lateral surface of patells A: extends crus |
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gastrocnemius-cat (A) |
the most conspicuous muscle on the crus, extends deep of biceps femoris A: extends pes, flexes crus |
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internal oblique-cat |
middle layer of abdominal wall |
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transverse abdominis-cat |
the deep layer of the abdominal wall |
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rectus abdominis-cat |
abdomnial wall muscle forms ventral muscular band extending antero-posteriorly between the sternum and pelvis |
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scalenus-cat |
lies laterally on the thorax, anterodorsal to rectus abdominis |
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transversus costarum-cat |
small thin sheet that extends anterodorsally from the sternum toward the ventral band of the scalenus where it inserts on the first rib |
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sternohyoid-cat (O,I,A) |
longitudinal muscle ventral to the posterior part of the external jugular, superficial bottom of neck O: 1st costal cartilage and manubrium of sternum I: basihyoid A: draws hyoid posteriorly |
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external intercostals-cat |
superficial thoracic muscle run between ribs in longitudinal lines |
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internal intercostals-cat |
middle layer of longitudinal thoracic muscle running between ribs |
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serratus dorsalis cranialis-cat |
thin muscle lying along the back beneath the latissimus dorsi and rhomboideus, anterior to serratus dorsalis caudalis |
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serratus dorsalis caudalis-cat |
thin muscle lying along the back beneath the latissimus dorsi and rhomboideus, posterior to serratus dorsalis cranialis |
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masseter-cat (A) |
larger muscles covering the posterolateral surface of the jaw A: elevates mandible |
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temporalis-cat (A) |
jaw closing muscle lying on the lateral surface of the cranium and arising from the temporal fossa O: fascia covering muscle, temporal fossa of skull A: elevates mandible |