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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Membranous-filled spaces that are located where the sutures in the fetal/neonatal skull intersect
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fontanels
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Overlapping of the bones of the fetal skull that occurs during childbirth, thereby temporarily changing its shape and facilitating the skull's passage through the birth canal.
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molding
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Part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor. The 3 main types are ___ (head first), ___ (buttocks first), and ___.
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presentation
cephalic breech shoulder |
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Part of the fetal body that is first felt by the examining finger during a vaginal exam. The 4 types are ?
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presenting part
occiput chin (mentum) sacrum scapula |
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Presentation that occurs when the fetal head is fully flexed, making the fetal occiput the part first felt by the examining finger.
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vertex presentation
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Relationship of the fetal spine (long axis) to the maternal spine (long axis).
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fetal lie
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Term used when the spines are parallel
Term used when the spines are perpendicular (at right angles). |
longitudinal lie
transverse lie |
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Relationship of the fetal body parts to one another
Most common type of relationship |
attitude
general flexion |
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Most common type of relationship
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general flexion
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Largest transverse diameter of the fetal skull
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biparietal diameter
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Relationship of the fetal presenting part (occiput, mentum, sacrum, scapula) to the 4 quadrants of the maternal pelvis
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fetal position
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This is said to have occurred when the largest transverse diameter of the presenting part has passed thru the pelvic inlet and into the true pelvis, reaching the level of the ischial spines
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engagement
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relationship of the fetal presenting part to an imaginary line drawn between the ischial spines. It is measured in ___ above or below the ischial spines, thereby serving as a method of determining the progress of fetal ___.
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station
centimeters descent |
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Process of shortening and thinning of the cervix during the 1st stage of labor. Progress is expressed in % from 0% to 100%
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effacement
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Enlargement and widening of the cervical opening (os) and the cervical canal that occurs during labor. Progress is expressed in centimeters from less than 1 cm to 10 cm when complete
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dilation
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Descent of the fetal presenting part into the true pelvis approx 2 wks before term in the primigravida and in the multiparous woman once true labor is in progress
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lightening ("dropping")
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Primary powers of labor.
They are responsible for ___ and ___. |
involuntary uterine contractions
effacement dilation |
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Secondary powers of labor accomplished when the woman bears down or pushes.
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voluntary bearing-down efforts (abdominal muscle contraction)
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Brownish or blood-tinged cervical mucoid discharge representing the passage of the mucous plug as the cervix ripens in prep for labor
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bloody show
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Term used to refer to the movements of the fetus in a vertex presentation as it turns and adjusts its head to facilitate passage thru the maternal birth canal. These 7 movements are?
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cardinal movements of labor (mechanism of labor)
engagement descent flexion internal rotation extension external rotation (restitution) expulsion |
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Term used to refer to the maternal urge to bear down, which occurs when the fetal presenting part reaches the perineal floor stimulating stretch receptors and causing release of oxytocin
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Ferguson reflex
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Pushing method characterized by a closed glottis with prolonged breath holding and bearing down
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valsalva maneuver
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The 1st stage of labor begins with the onset of ___ and ends with full ___. It is divided into 3 phases, namely, ___, ___, and ____.
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regular uterine contractions
dilation of cervix latent, active, transition |
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The 2nd stage of labor lasts from the time the ___ to the ___.
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cervix is fully dilated
birth of the fetus |
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the 3rd stage of labor lasts from the ___ until the ___
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birth of the fetus
placenta is delivered |
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The 4th stage of labor is the period of ___ when homeostasis is reestablished.
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recovery following birth
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4 factors that affect fetal circulation during labor
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maternal position
maternal blood pressure uterine contractions umbilical cord blood flow |