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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Partial pressure |
Measure of concentration, e.g. of oxygen or carbon dioxide. |
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Haemoglobin |
Chemically similar molecules which transport oxygen in blood by associating and dissociating. |
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Arteries |
Thick, muscular and elastic vessels and small lumen which carry blood away from the heart at high pressure. |
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Arterioles |
Divide from arteries, direct blood to different areas by contracting or relaxing their muscular wall. |
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Veins |
A vessel with a wide lumen and little muscle or elasticity, carry blood back to heart. Has valves to prevent back-flow. |
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Capillaries |
Vessels which carry blood directly to respiring cells, are one cell thick. |
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Tissue fluid |
Surrounds cells, containing water, oxygen and nutrients. Cells may take it in or release metabolic waste into it. Made by tissue filtration, and excess is drained by lymphatic system. |
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Pressure filtration |
Makes tissue fluid. Start of a capillary bed has a high hydrostatic pressure, so forces fluid out due to difference in pressure to reduce it. At the end of a capillary the water potential is lower so water re-enters via osmosis. |
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Lymphatic system |
A network of tubes acting like a drainage system. |
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Atrioventricular (AV) valves |
Link atria and ventricles to stop backflow to atria. |
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Semi-lunar (SL) valves |
Link ventricles to arteries to stop backflow to heart. |
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Ventricles |
Pump blood to arteries. |
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Atria |
Collect blood then pump to ventricles. |
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Atheroma |
A fibrous plaque made from lipids, connective tissue and white blood cells. Restricts blood flow when built up. |
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Aneurysm |
A ballon-like swelling of the artery caused by an atheroma and blood trying to get around it. May burst, causing a haemorrhage. |
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Thrombosis |
A blood clot which prevents blood flow. Caused by an artery wall being damaged, causing platelets and fibrin to accumulate and make a clot. |
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Myocardial infarction |
Heart attack due to coronary arteries being blocked, meaning the heart has restricted blood flow so may be damaged. May lead to fatal heart failure. |
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Diastole |
Relaxation of the heart, atria fill with blood. |
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Atria systole |
Contraction of the artery walls to force blood into the ventricles. |
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Ventricular systole |
Contraction of the ventricles to pump blood to the arteries. |
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Pocket valves |
Valves in veins to ensure blood goes to the heart. |
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Cardiac output |
The volume of blood pumped by 1 ventricle in 1 minute. Heart rate x stroke volume. |