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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why study Marriage and Family?
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- God designed, ordained, and implemented this institution of marriage and family.
- So that you can have an idea of the challenges and know how to over come them. - Great importance of relationships and the role they play in our lives. (Proverbs 12:20) |
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Why families succeed or fail from the research of Dr. John Gottman
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o Attitude of each partner
o Positives vs. negatives o How emotions are processed o How conflicts are resolved… Note: ‘conflict’ can strengthen a relationship o Controlling the four horsemen |
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What are the four horsemen?
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• Criticism (attacking)
• Contempt (intent to insult and abuse) • Defensiveness (self protection) • Stonewalling (withdrawal or ‘holding off’) |
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In current trends what has changed in men and women.
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Their roles
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In our society there is an emphasis on what?
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Self-reliance as cultural virtue.
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Today fewer people are
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o Marrying
o Having children or fewer children o Keeping traditional roles o Keeping family traditions o Accepting/keeping societal/cultural absolutes • Ex: marriage between one man and one woman • Ex: staying married until death do us part |
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Whenever we make a list of what is most important what is the best way to do so?
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In a sun shaped one. God is the middle sun part and our family, jobs, friends are the rays.
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Ethnic Group
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A set of people who are embedded within a larger culture group or society and who share beliefs, behaviors, values, and norms that are transmitted from generation to generation.
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Marriage
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An emotional and leglal commitment between two people to share emotional and physical intimacy, various tasks, and economic resources.
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Family
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Two or more people who are committed to each other and who share intimacy, resources, decision-making responsibilities, and values; people who love and care for each other.
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Stress
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The nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it.
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Social Environment
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All the factors, both positive and negative, in society that impact individuals and their relationships, such as mass media, the Internet, changing gender roles, and growing
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Ethnic Group
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A set of people who are embedded within a larger cultural group or society and who share beliefs, behaviors, values, and norms that are transmitted from generation to generation.
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Race
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A group of people with similar and distinctive physical characteristics.
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Kinship
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The relatedness of certain individuals within a group. Cultures have norms and expectations that structure and govern kin behavior.
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Nuclear Family
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A kinship group in which a husband, a wife, and their children live together in one household; also called conjugal family system.
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Polygamy
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A plural marriage in which a man has more than one wife.
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Polyandry
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A plural marriage in which a woman has more than one husband.
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Monogamy
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A relationship in which a man or a woman has only one mate.
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No fault divorce
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Divorce laws that do not place blame (fault) for the divorce on either spouse. One party's assertion that irreconcilable that irreconcilable differences exist is sufficient grounds for dissolving the marriage.
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Legal Divorce
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One of Bohannan's six different but overlapping experiences of divorce; involves the dissolution of the marriage by the legal system and courts.
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Economic Divorce
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One of Bohannan's six diffent but overlapping experiences of divorce; involves the division of money and property and the establishment of two separate economic units.
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Coparental Divorce
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One of Bohannan's six different but overlapping experiences of divorce; involves decisions about custody of the children, single parenting, and visitation rights for the noncustodial parent.
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Community Divorce
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One of Bohannan's six different but overlapping experiences of divorce; involves changes in friendships and community relationships
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Psychological divorce
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One of Bohannan's six different but overlapping experiences of divorce; involves the regaining of individual autonomy
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Emotional Divorce
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One of Bohannan's six different but overlapping experiences of divorce; involves the deterioration of the marriage and the breakdown of bonding and communication, with are replied by feelings of alienation.
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What are Bohannan's six different but overlapping experiences of divorce
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Legal divorce, Economic divorce
coparental divorce, community divorce, psychological divorce |
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Family Cohesion
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The togetherness or closeness of a family; one of the three dimensions of the couple and family map.
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Family Flexibility
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A family's ability to change and adapt in the face of stress or crisis; one of the three dimensions of the couple and family map
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Social System
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One of the four major components of the sociocultural context in which families live; encompasses the influence of the community, laws economic resources, educational, opportunities, and other external factors on the family.
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Conjugal Family System
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A family consisting of a husband, wife, and children
(nuclear family) |
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Consanguineal Family System
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A family system that emphasize blood ties more than marital ties.
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Extended Family
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A nuclear family and those related to its members by blood, such as aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparents.
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Plural Marriage
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A marriage in which a man has more than one wife (polygamy) or a woman has more than one husband (polyandry).
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Assimilation
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Adopting the cultural traits and values of the dominate culture.
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Acculturation
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The intermeshing of cultural traits and values with those of the dominant culture.
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Segregation
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Isolation of an ethnic group within the dominant culture
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Stereotype
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A standardized, oversimplified, often foolish and mean-spirited view of someone or something
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Prejudice
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Negativ judgement or opinion having no or limited basis in fact; hostility to a person or a group based on physical characteristics
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Racism
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Discrimination or prejudice based on the belief that peoples physical characteristics determine their human capacities and behaviors and that groups of people with certain characteristics are inferior to others.
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Multiracial Marriage
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marriage between people from two different cultural or ethnic groups.
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Step-Family
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The family created when one or both partners in a marriage have a child or children from a previous marriage.
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Split Custody
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A legal child custody arrangement following a divorce in which each parent has sole custody of one or more of the children
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Joint Custody
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A legal child custody arrangement following a divorce in which children divide their time between the homes of both parents, with both homes having equal importance.
"One chid, two homes" |
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Sole Custody
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A child custody arrangement following a divorce in which only one parent has legal and physical custody of the cild or children; the other parent generally has visitation rights.
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Binuclear family
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A post divorce family in which both parents participate in the raising of their children despite living in separate household; the children generally reside with one of the parents.
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Most social scientists agree that marriage and the family are in decline.
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False
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The number of single-parent families increased through the 1990s, and contemporary families are more varied than ever.
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True
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Marriage remains the most popular voluntary institution in our society.
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True
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Following divorce, men are likely to remarry more quickly and more frequently than are women.
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True
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While a majority of the U.S. population is married, the percentage continues to decrease over time.
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True
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n the United States, single-parent families as a group have lower incomes than two-parent families.
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True
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Almost one-half of American children currently live with only one parent.
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False
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In marriages where one partner is dissatisfied, that partner is usually the wife.
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True
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Today, American men and women are waiting longer to get married for the first time.
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True
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Women who are married are more likely to be abused than women who are cohabiting.
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False
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Approximately what percentage of all American adults is divorced?
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10%
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of marriage, according to the Carlfred Broderick study?
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Marriage is protection against loneliness
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etween 1970 and 2008, the number of unmarried couples living together increased almost 14-fold from 500,000 to
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6.8 Million
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What percentage of those who get divorced will eventually remarry?
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75%
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What are the most common stressors couples and families face?
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Financial issues
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What are considered among the current marriage and family trends, as discussed by Popenoe and Whitehead?
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- flattening of divorce rates
- increased single-parent families - decrease in the number of marriages |
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Marriage does NOT lead to:
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greater likelihood of domestic abuse
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Which country has the highest number of handgun murders each year?
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United States
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What is found to be a consequence of excessive alcohol use in family relationships?
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- infidelity
- sexual problems - economic problems |
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The emotional and legal commitment of two people who share intimacy, tasks, and finances is a:
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Marriage
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Approximately ______ of gay and lesbian couples have children.
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1/4
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The most financially successful ethnic group in the United States is:
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Asian American.
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The sense of contentment found in many Native American tribes comes from:
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- the practice of traditional religion.
- a spiritual lifestyle. - a sense of connection with nature. |
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The ability to work effectively with a variety of diverse cultural groups is defined as:
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cultural competence.
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The minority group in the United States with the greatest percentage of its population living below the poverty line is:
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African Americans.
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The three clusters of family strengths identified by family researchers are:
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cohesion, flexibility, communication.
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The assumption that one's culture is the standard by which all others should be judged is:
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ethnocentrism.
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By 2050, which ethnic group will show the highest percentage growth?
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Hispanics
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Which ethnic family group is LEAST likely to have a "safety net" of extended family?
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White families.
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When a group of people moves to a new country and blends its cultural values with those of the dominant culture, it is participating in which process?
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acculturation
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Nuclear families are recognized as distinct entities even in societies that focus primarily on larger extended family groups.
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True
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Extended families are more likely to maintain weaker traditions than are nuclear families.
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False
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Polygamous and polyandrous societies have more family conflict than do monogamous societies.
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False
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White families have poor communication skills.
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False
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Native American parents are more likely to use physical punishment than verbal and emotional reprimands.
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False
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In current trends today there is an emphasis on what as a cultural virtue?
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Self-reliance
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How is the traditional and legal status of marriage being questioned?
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Gay marriage and same sex marriages are now beginning to be acceptable.
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What are two reasons fertility rates are dropping?
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- STD's that affect peoples abilities to have babies.
- Economy is tough and so ppl don't have children |
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What challenges is technology creating?
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- makes us lazier
- It effects communication - Online dating |
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How are major corporations challenging traditional thinking, values and practices?
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- some companies like Xerox, Levis, and Time Warner are now allowing domestic partners coverage under their insurance.They are also allowed other benefits that were only allowed for married couples.
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Due to the current trends what are more people doing now?
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divorcing, having single parent homes, working outside the home, engaging in domestic abuse, cohabiting, living longer, having financial concerns-bankruptcies, moving more often, having children later in life, creating step families, and marrying later in life for a second or third time
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How to have an abundant life
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Wake expectantly, don't take yourself too seriously, say pleasant things, direct your thoughts, control your emotions, believe in yourself, believe in others, believe in God, and have a goal and work toward it trusting God for the outcome.
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What do a number of attitudinal studies show?
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• Attitudes have causal predominance over behaviors
• Real Attitudes do lead to real behaviors. • Expressed attitudes are more likely to lead to action. |
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What do a number of attitudinal studies show?
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• Self-monitoring persons (those who are psychologically and socially insightful-stable-secure) are more sensitive to situations, other people and more likely to modify their behavior to acceptable standards.
• When attitudes are reinforced they are more likely to become a habit. |
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Ephesians Chapter 5 obligations of husband and wife
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- Submission
- Sacrifice - Surrender - Sanctification - Social Regard (respect) |
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The divorce rate:
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ncreased and is leveling off.
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According to a national study by Whisman, Dixon, and Johnson (1997), the most common problem couples reported was:
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- difficulties in decision making.
- unrealistic expectations. - poor communication. |
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No-fault divorce law was first instituted in which state in the United States?
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California
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Stepparenting is challenging primarily because stepparents:
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- tend to try too hard.
- have to figure out how to avoid favoritism. - must handle both the marriage and the children. |
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A false sense of togetherness that should be avoided in a stepfamily relationship is:
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pseudomutuality.
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Which stage in Bohannon's (1970) "six stations" process of divorce includes making decisions about child custody?
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coparental divorce
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The average length of first marriages that end in divorce is about __ years.
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7
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Another term for binuclear family is:
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single-parent family.
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"One child, two homes" refers to which type of family?
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joint custody
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What is the rarest parenting option after divorce?
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split custody
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Kenneth Boulding believes that four great virtues make up the ultimate good. These four virtues are:
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economic adequacy; justice; freedom; peacefulness.
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Couple therapy and family therapy are recommended when:
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- Relationship problems are intense.
- Before relationship problems are intense. - When a couple has children. |
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Which of these family services would best serve a couple with chronic problems?
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couple therapy
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A national survey of married couples identified which of the following to be the number one issue facing couples?
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problems sharing leadership equally
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For which problem might a couple therapist recommend that the couple try reversing roles at home?
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disagreement over flexibility
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Compared to individual therapy, marital and family therapy is usually:
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shorter.
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Approximately what is the percentage of therapy clients who felt that their family relationships had gotten better?
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80%
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Having a positive outlook is an example of what type of characteristics important to family resiliency?
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family belief system
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How do the authors suggest we build an intentional family?
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by developing family rituals
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Which of the following is the textbook's take on the future of families?
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We each create the future in our own family.
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The family strengths perspective supports the belief that the basic foundation of successful families is remarkably different from culture to culture.
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False
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If research focuses on problems in families, it will find only family problems and not family strengths.
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True
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The family strengths emphasized in the textbook are specific to White Americans.
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False
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Couple and family therapy is most helpful when it is begun before problems become severe and chronic.
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True
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Family programs can be successful if only one person from the family attends them.
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False
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There is evidence that a good premarital program can reduce a couple's chances for divorce.
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True
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Parents usually see their family as more balanced on the Couple and Family Map than do adolescents.
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True
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Overall, more traditional individual therapeutic methods practiced by psychologists and psychiatrists take longer than effective marital and family therapy.
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True
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Couple enrichment programs usually last six weeks.
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False
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Individual therapy is usually cheaper than family therapy.
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False
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Dr. Williams James
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- While at Harvard he wrote one of his most famous works entitled The Principles of Psychology which addresses a number of topics.
- Upon his retirement and in one of his last public speeches he apologizes for not including the most important human need known to man. . .The need to be appreciated! |
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Triangle
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God is at the top of the triangle and spouse is at one corner and self is at the other.
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6 Qualities
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1. Expressing appreciation/affection
2. Spend time together 3. Have positive communication patterns 4. Strong Religious orientation spiritual well bing 5. ability to cope with stress/crisis in a positive manner 6. commitment. |
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5 R's for Gen: 2
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1. Realize your spouse is special
2. Recognize that God knows what is best. 3. Receive your spouse as a gift from God. |
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five R's Cont.
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4. Remember your obligations.
5. Resolve to live as God teaches |
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Special Regard (respect)
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33 However, let each one of you love his wife as himself, and let the wife see that she respects her husband.
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Conflicts are resolved
(Gottman) |
Conflicts can strengthen a relationship
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Receive your spouse as a gift. . .
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Gen 1:22
"and He brought her to the man" |