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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Melismatic
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Many notes set to one syllable over 6-8 notes
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Syllabic
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One note set to each syllable
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School of Notre Dame
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School of Thought or Concept started by Leonin and Perotin
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Hildegard of Bingen
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10 Child given to the church lived in 1200's
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Neumatic
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A few notes set to one syllable 2-6 notes
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Secular Music
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Arose in the courts in larger cities. Text of songs were monophonic and often focused on love and values of chivarly. Usally accompanied by guitar lute or other portable instrument.
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Cantus Firmus
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Fixed melody usally of very long notes form of Gregorian Chant that served as a structrural basis for polyphonic composition
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A cappella
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Choral music performed without instrumental accompaniment.
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Chant
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Monophonic Melody
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Polyphony
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Combination of two or more simultaneous melodic lines
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Ordinary of the Mass
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Text remain the same in every mass
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Notre Dame Cathedral
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Built in Paris gave the rise to Polyphony texture
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Strophic
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The same melody is repeated with every stanza of the poem.
(Amazing Grace) |
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Proper of the Mass
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Text that vary from day to day throught the year depending on the feast or special event being celebrated.
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Madrigal
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Lanauge of the people. Voices with or without instruments set to a short lyric love poem. Originated in Italy as a form of aristocratic entertainment.
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Chanson
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French version of madrigal. Is also a french song or popular poems set to music.
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Guilllaume de machaut
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Foremost composer of the Ars Nova Style 1300-1377
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MInstrels
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A class of musicians who wandered among the courts and towns. Entertainers who sang played instruments, danced, juggles and performed plays.
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Troubadours (Minstrels)
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Southern region of France. Performed more for the aristocratic society(Rich)
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Trouveres
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Northern region of france. Performed more for the aristocratic society(Rich)
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Jongleurs (Minstrels)
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Itinerant/poorer class of Minstrels
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Minniesingers (Minstrels)
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Minstrels from Germany
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Renaissance 1450-1600
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Rebirth reawaking of music. Passing from highly religious society to a more secular society. Era of Scientific discovery. Revival of Greek ideals of order and balanced proporations.
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Soft instruments
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Most common was recorder and blown flute. Used indoors for the most part
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Loud Instruments
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Used mainly for outdoor occasions
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Pope Gregory 1 The Great
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Credited with codifying liturgy know today as Gregorian Chant
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Protestant Reformation
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A priest know as martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses on the church door in Wittenberg Germany in 1517 and started the Protestant Reformation
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St. Marks' Cathedral
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In Venise. Venetian school was polychoral singing involving the use of two or three choirs. This was part of the transition from the Renaissance to Baroque period.
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Partronage System
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The church support of the art of music
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Guilliaume de Machaut
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1300-1377 he was the formost composer-poet of the Ars nova style.
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Mass
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Central service of the Roman Catholic Church
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Polytextual
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Two or more texts set simultaneuosly in a composition, common in the medieval motet
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Ars Nova
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New Art
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Ars Antiqua
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Old Art
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Giovanni Palestrina
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1525-1594 Reformed church music working as an organist and choirmaster at various churches.
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Requiem Mass
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Mass for the dead sung at funerals.
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Ordinary of the Mass
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The fixed portion of the mass that was sund daily.
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Pope Marcellus Mass
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Written by Giovanni Palestrina. Written for six voice parts
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Middle Ages
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476-1450 Fall of roman empire to renaissance
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Dark Ages
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500-1000 2 powers, Roman Catholic Church and the state Goverments. Culture largely shaped by monasteries. History began to be written down. Music was primarly religious.
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Where is the word Music derived from.
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The greek word Mousike which refers to the art of the Music of Greek mythology.
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Late Middle Ages
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1000-1450. Cross shaped design of Chathedrals. Cities began to emerge. Literature and art began to flourish. dante's Divine Comedy (1307) and Chaucers Canterbury Tales (1386)
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Sacred Music
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Music of the early church was named Gregorian Chant ofter Pope Gregory the Great. 590-604
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Gregorian Chant
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Is Syllabic, Neumatic, Melismatic and Modes.
Is also called plainsong or plainchant. |
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What was the offical lanuage of the Roman Chatholic Church
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Latin, thefore most sacred church music was written and sung in Latin.
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Modes
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The early version of scales
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Leonin
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Organist at Notre Dame Cathedral 1175. Gave rise to Polyphony
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Perotin
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Student of Leonin and Organist at Notre Dame Cathedral. Gave rise to Polyphony
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Romanesque Era 850-1150
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The rise of Polyphony/The Notre Dame School. Resulted in harmonies being created.
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Gothic Era 1150-1450
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Composers began signing their name on compositions Leonin was the first. Saw the rise of cathedrals with choirs and organs.
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Organum
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Earliest polyphony was called in which a second voice was added to a fourth or fifth above or below Gregorian Chant melody.
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Motet
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Sacred or secular text. Polytextual: Frequently mixed languages and frequently had several musical lines going on with different rhtthms and counter melodies.
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Secular Music
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Arose in the courts in larger cities. Text of songs were monophonic and often focused on love and values of chivarly. Gave rise to dance music.
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Instrumental Music
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Instruments found their earliest prominence in dance music and accompaning vocal music. Music was rarely written down it was improvised much like jazz
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Instrumental
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For solo or small ensemble often used vocal songs arranged for instruments.
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Cappella
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Singing without accompaniment (During the Renaissance)
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Continuous Imitation
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Melodies or motives are continually exchanged amoung voices. (During the Renaissance)
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Josquin de Prez 1450-1521
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From northern France; brought the motet form into the sacred setting and developed polyphony to a high art form.
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Counter Reformation
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The Roman Chatholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation (Council of Trent 1545-1563) addressed matters of corruption in the church.
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Claudio Monteverdi 1567-1643
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Made the madrigal and important secular genre during the late Renaissance/early Baroque Period. Also helped create the Opera genre.
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Giovanni Gabrieli 1557-1612
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Choirmaster at St. Marks Cathedral in Venice; was the first composer to specify instruments and dynamics in music.
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Giovanni da Palestrina 1525-1594
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Organist/choirmaster at St. Peters Cathedral in Rome: Wrote Pope Marcellus Mass for six parts and performed a cappella.
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Middle Ages Time Frame
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400-1450
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Early Christian Period Time Frame
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400-600
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Gregorian Chant Time Frame
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600-850
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Romanesque Period Time Frame
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850-1150 Development of polyphony
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Gothic Period Time Frame
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1150-1450
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Renaissance Period Time Frame
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1450-1600
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Baroque Period Time Frame
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1600-1750
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Rococo Time Frame
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1725-1775
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Classical Period Time Frame
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1750-1825
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Romantic Period Time Frame
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1820-1900
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Post Romantic Period Time Frame
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1890-1915
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Twentieth century and beyond
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1900-present
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Humanism
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Praising the beauty of the human form.
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New World
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North and South America
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A cappella music
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The term refers to a vocal work without instrumental accompainment.
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Word Painting
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Making the music reflect the meaning of the words.
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Vernacular
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Songs sung in the language of the country rather then in Latin.
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Claudio Monteverdi 1567-1643
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Made the madrigal and important secular genre and help give birth to the opera.
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