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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Albert Merabian
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55% message comes from physical/facial cues
38%-vocal cues 93%-nonverbal 7%-words themselves |
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Birdwhistell
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65%-nonverbal
35%-words |
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Nonverbal Communication
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communicating through body language and vocalics
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Joost Meerloo
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Psychological time orientation-how every persons conscious concept of their life span
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Haptics
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study of internal,external, sensation, feelings and emotion experience through the act of touch (tactalics)
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Desmond Morris
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anthropoligist psychologist
1967- "The Naked Ape" "Intimate Behavior" -Self-Touching behaviors |
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Touch Needs-Physcial Needs
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Biological value-support, protection
Communication value-(Mother) Psychlogical value Social vlaue-socializing |
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Touch needs for Healthy relationships
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-physical touch
-eye contact -communication |
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Jourard-1960/1975
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studying areas of the body that are touched by other people
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Richard Heslin
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types of touching behaviors
identified types-classification |
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Functional/professional touching behavior
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contact is impersonae
ex: massage, CPR, doctor, tailor |
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Social/polite touching behavior
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affirm other person at least as me person of the same species
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Friendship/warm touching behavior
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recognizing uniqueness of me, individual
ex: secret handshakes, touching of arms |
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Love Intimacy Touching Behaviors
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expression of emotional or attraction to person, person is object of feelings
-adapted to specific individual |
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Sexual Arrousal Touching Behavior
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-can be separate and distinct
-touching is seen as physical attraction only. can loop back to #1. -person is meerly viewed as sexual/physical perception/object ex: rape, prostitution |
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Ekman and Friesen
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Study of Kinesics (Movement)
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Meaning centered approach
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classifying the movement according to the function that the movements performs
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Emblem
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intentional behaviors that have a direct verbal counterpart, substituted for the verbal meaning
ex: "the finger", the "OK" sign |
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Illustrators
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movement that accompanies the verbal message and are designed to pictardize what is being said
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Baton
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any movement that exentuates or underscores a gesture
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Ideograph
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movement that sketches direction of movement or thought
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Kintegraph
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movement that represents body action
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Pictograph
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movement that recreates the shape that is being referred to verbally
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Deictic Movement
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talking about something and pointing to it (people, places, events)
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Spatial Movements
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-sizes
-establishing how close or far things are |
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Rhythmic movements
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-metronome
-songer leader (hands), tapping, snapping |
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Emblematic Movements
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repeats or substitutes for words or statements in illustrating verbal statements
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Affect Displays-Emotions
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-body movements that display our emotion
-can compliment or contradict verbal statement -can act independently |
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Regulators
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-all kinesic behaviors that will be used to make the flow in content
ex:raising the hand |
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Adaptors
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-behaviors that satisfy a physcial or emotional need of person
-usually carried out in private |
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3 Types of Adaptors
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-sef-adaptor-manipulating own body (picking, scratching)
-alter adaptors-movement that indicates shift in thinking -object adaptors-manipulation of object ina way other thanit was designed |
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Allport & Vernon
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Body Movements
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Sheldon
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Body Types
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Body Types
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1) Endomorph-fat, soft, plump
2) Mesomorph- trim, ideal body, muscular, athletic 3) Ectomorph-tall,lanky, skinny, appears weak |
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People Variables of Body Movements
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1-Personality
2-Sex 3-Body Deformities 4-Health 5-Body Type 6-Emotional State |
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Interaction Variables of Body Movements
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1-Social
2-Purpose of Interaction 3-Convention or fashion (handshakes, holding doors) 4-Demands of immediate goal (when goal is almost met, energy heightens) |
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Environmental Variables of Body Movements
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Features of surroundings
-temperature (cold vs. hot) -volume of space -noise level |
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Kinesics
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study of body movement and facial expression
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Chronemics
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how we use and structure time
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Hess and Polt
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primary researchers in pupil dialation
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Regulating communication with eye contact
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Eye contact is extremely important for communication, the more eye contact the more trust and communication
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4 different time orientations
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1-past orientation:tries to relive things in past
2-present orien:spontanious 3-future orien:see's where we are but looks to see what is in the future 4-time line orien: sees events connceted in present time related to the future |
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Marasmus
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a disease where an infant dies because they have not been touched enough
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Monochronism
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doing one thing at a time, evolving life around a clock to know exactly what you would be doing at a certain time
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polychronism
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doing many things at one time, emphasis is placed more on the interaction with people instead of time
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Displaced Time Orientation
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who see a point in time as being the end
ex:being places on time or a little eary to be safe |
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Diffused Time Orientation
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who see time as only an approximation
ex:arriving around a time, operates on a late basis |
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Oculesics
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eye contact to communicate attitudes, feelings, and emotions
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Worthy
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wrote book "eye color, sex & race"
-dark eyed people/animals requires speed and reactive responses -light eyed: hestitaion and sef paced response |
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Harlow
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Experimented with monkeys to see the importance of touch between babies and their mothers as infants and younger years
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Machiavellianism
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if high-person will do anything to get what they want
-self absored, not afraid to ruin someones career |
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3 Conditions of Gazing
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1) Amount of gazing increases as space decreases
2)Physical Condition- not "supposed" to stare at someone with physical disabilities 3)Personality-amount of gazing vs. perosnality -low concept of sef-less eye contact -high esteem-more eye contact |