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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the two signifcances about the social security act?
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Provided immediate health for the american people (1935)
Marked the emergence of the federal government as a dominant force in healthcare delivery and finance. |
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What is the difference between medicare and medicaid?
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Medicare is given after age of 65 and supplement insurance for people over 65, people on disability and clients in end stage renal disease.
Medicaid is from the welfare system for people who are unable to pay for their own insurance. |
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What are the concepts behind the metaparadigm?
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"represents the worldview of a discipline (the most global perspective that subsumes more specific views and approaches to the central concepts with which it is concerned). There is considerable agreement that Nursing's' metaparadigm consists of the central concepts of person, environment, health, and nursing."
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Conceptual model
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"a set of abstract and general concepts and propositions that integrate those concepts into a meaningful configuration (Lipitt, 1973; Nye & Berardo, 1981)" (as cited in Fawcett, J., 1995, p.2). Conceptual models are frameworks representing how a given theorist views the phenomena of concern to a discipline. How one theorist defines the metaparadigm concepts will differ from another theorist, but both theorists will include all the metaparadigm concepts in their model.
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Maslows higherarchy of needs
(Top of pyramid down) |
Self actualization needs
Self esteem needs Love and belonging needs Safety and Security needs Physiological needs |
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Transcultural theory and the theorists that created it
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Reflect nursing and society's beliefs regarding the importance of culture and it's affects on the total functioning of an individual.
Concepts are: Human Care Influence of Culture Worldwide view of individuals Cultural congruence Commonality of needs Diversity Theorists: Madeline Leininger |
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The precede-proceed model
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Precede - Phase 1
social diagnosis - evaluation of social problems Phase 2 Epidemiological diagnois - analysis of health problems Phase 3 Behavioral and Environmental diagnosis - Identification of health practices and links to problems. Phase 4 Education and Organization diagnosis - Idenfication of learning objectives Phase 5 Administrative and Policy diagnosis - analysis of policies, resources, and management components. Proceed: Phase 6 Implementation - operationalization of program Phase 7 Process evaluation - evaluation of the process used to implement the program Phase 8 Impact Evaluation - assessment of the achievement of objectives Phase 9 Outcome evaluation - measurement of overall goal achievement and affect on the quality of life. |
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Healthy People 2010
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Goverment is focuisng on health promotion and prevention to encourage a healthy society and reduce health care costs.
467 objectives 28 focus areas |
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Define Health Promotion
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encouraging quality of life and well being through strategies involving supportive environment, coordination of resources and respect for personal choice and value.
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Define Health Protection
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focuses on the prevention of disease and goes along the medical model
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Define planned behavior
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explains how attitudes and intentions explain behavior
If people have the resources, support or skills needed for a certain behavior they would be able to acheive it. |
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Define health belief model
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Emphasizes predicting individuals preventative health behavior
Helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the individual that could affect a plan of action for disease prevention. |
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Define and the stages of:
Transtheoretical model of behavior change |
Research that concluded that changes in health behavior occurred in 5 stages with elements of thought, action and time.
Stage 1 PreContemplation - no action planned Stage 2 - Contemplation - actions considered Stage 3 - preparation - actions identified Stage 4 - Action - Actively involved in the behavior change Stage 5 - Maintenance - continuation of behavior change |
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Health Promotion plan - adpie
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Assessment
Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation |
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Biological domain includes what?
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Genetic predisposition
Susceptibility to disease Ethnicity Lifestyle |
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Psychological Domain includes what?
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Mental health
Personal perceptions of health stress levels self-knowledge disease |
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Sociological domain includes what?
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family
relationships with others social norms accessibility to health care economic status |
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Environmental domain includes what?
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environmental hazards of worksite, home and community
potential hazards and safety concerns living conditions noise, noxious agents, toxins psychological stress |
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Political domain includes what
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bureaucratic
government legislative federal state and local funding nursing organizations |
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spiritual domain includes waht
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individual beliefs
values culture hope intellectual education environment physiological psychological |
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sexual domain
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upbringing
values sexual identity sexual history sexual practices |
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technological domain
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technological advances
digital technology tele-media satellite access robotics |
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Nursing process
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problem solving method for developing and appropriate plan of care and wellness, outcomes.
Involves: ADPIE |
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Prevention - Primary
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High level wellness is the goal
Includes activities and lifestyle factors that can be changed or maximized adequate nutrition, exercise, immunization and health education are examples |
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Prevention - Secondary
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Focuses on screenings that identify abnormalaties within a population
Includes all health screenings and assessments |
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Prevention - tertiary
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seeks to address situation once symptoms have occurred
directed towards minimizing disease or disability and optimizing health Includes rehab etc. |
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Decoder
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person who receives and is able to interpret and encode a message in order to understand senders original idea
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feedback
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process by which effectiveness of communication is determined - encoding and sending of a message by a receiver back to original sender in order to let the sender know how their original message was received
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Encoder
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person who initiates communication by placing a message in a form that is understandable to the person meant to receive it.
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context
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condition under which communication occurs
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sensory channel
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means by which a message is sent
3 routes sight hearing touch |
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paralanguage
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use of sounds with and without verbal language
intermediate area between non-verbal communication |
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Emic vs etic knowledge
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Emic - insiders viewpoint
Etic - outsiders viewpoint of a specific culture |
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Cultural competency
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being able to incorporate emic and etic knowledge into hollistic and congruent client care
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acculturation
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process of adapting to adopting or taking on other aspects from another culture.
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medicocentrism
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belief that professional health care practices are better than popular or folk health care practices.
reflecting ethnocentrism by members of the health care system. |