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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Articulation Disorder
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Phonetic errors, probs in sounds prod,motor in nature, doesn't impact other areas of lang.
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Phonological Disorder
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Phonemic errors, prob. in lang. spec. funct. of phonemes, diff w/ phoneme funct., impair in oragnization of phoneme system, impacts other areas of lang.
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Probs w/ distinction bt artic and phono
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not possible to differentiate a phonemic error from a phonetic error.
-phonological processes is descriptive-doesn’t provide info about why-it is assumed that it’s an error. - younger it is termed a phonological error, older phonetic- doesn’t take into account development. |
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Phonological processes
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systematic speech sound error pattern
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Phonological processing
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use of phonological codes to encode, store, and retrieve information.
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Assumptions and goals oral motor
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Speech development and proficiency require strength, speed, accuracy, awareness of oral movements, and the production of individual sound segments.
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Why oral motor controversy
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No evidence to support that strength, speed, accuracy, and awareness of oral movements elicits speech.
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Multiple sound approach
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•Characterized by horizontal goal attack strategy, multiple sounds targeted simultaneously
•Developed for use with clients with severe phonological disorders •Views articulation errors from a motor perspective |
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Addental /s/
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Tongue tips is too close to the incisors-causes /s/ to sound dull/flat
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Learn for lateral /s/
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-raise lateral edges of the tongue
-direct airstream over the tip of the tongue |
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facilitating for /s/
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/i/ /I/ /e/ /E/
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Two questions for sh
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faulty tongue?
lack of lip rounding? |
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faulty tongue sh
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Choose high front vowels such as /i/ /I/ then /e/ /E/
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lack of lip rounding
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Choose high back vowels like /u/ then /o/
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Minimal pair
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single feature and stimulability for children with substitutions
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Maximal contrast
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contrastive sounds maximally distinct along features for children with moderate to severe
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Multiple opposition
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-maximal distinction-different from the child's error.
-maximal class-different in features -Sound that have greatest impact. Severe-->profound |
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phonological process therapy does not exist
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Phonological process is used for assessment not for treatment
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Advantages of cycles
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Cycles does not require mastery of a single sound before moving to another sound. It is a broad based approach. Cycles training combines elements of traditional speech therapy (motor placement) with a perceptual component, an efficient goal attack strategy (cycling), and phonological assessment.
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7 components of Hodson’s treatment approach
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1.Brief review of prior session’s target
2.Amplified auditory stimulation 3.Production-practice stimuli 4.Production practice 5.Select next session’s target 6.Amplified auditory stimulation (repeated) 7.Phonemic Awareness |
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Hodson not phonological
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Uses traditional motor approach
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treatment approach phonological
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Minimal pairs and maximal contrast-must contain a phonemic contrast.
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effectiveness of different speech therapy
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All approaches are equally effective
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choosing a treatment approach
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Theoretical orientation
Treatment efficiency Service delivery considerations Client factors Clinician factors |
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three components of EBP
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• Evidence-based practice
• Clinical expertise • Client’s values, needs,preferences |
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Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
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Location and time is specific to individual child. What is appropriate and what is least restrictive.
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Traditional motor approach
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discrimination training followed by production of the sound in isolation, nonsense syllables, words, structured phrases, sentences, and spontaneous speech. This approach uses a vertical goal attack strategy in which high criterion levels (e.g., 85%
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differential diagnosis of DAS
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-No behavior or symptom defines CAS, so one can never really
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CAS
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(a) inconsistent errors on consonants and vowels in repeated productions of syllables or words, (b) lengthened and disrupted coarticulatory transitions between sounds and syllables, and (c) inappropriate prosody, especially in the realization of lexical or phrasal stress.
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Benefits Stand. Course of Study
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State has universal guidelines as to what is taught in what grade, so schools can be on the same page.
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three challenges stuttering
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• Parental investment
• Teacher involvement • Caseload grouping |
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Pros RTI
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-better id and decrease disproportion
-early intervention -implements EBP program -measures progress freq. |
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Cons RTI
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-takes a long time to get thr.
-logistics of collab. -higher work load -need to retrain and reorgan |
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Discrep model pro
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-no tiers
-more universal -quantify measures -LD and ID treated differ. |
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Discrep model cons
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-wait to fail
-longer process for referral -disproportion id -limited direct contact w/ profes. |
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Why variety of assess
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-deter what child can and can't do in all set.
-standard test may qualify -reveals child's skill and weak in everyday-plan funct. goals |
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Variability in stutter
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capacity and demands in given situations-ie therapy, home, peers-may manifest more core behaviors in certain situations
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Other factors in stutter
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affect response, avoidance, secondary characteristics, emotions.
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