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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Diatonic Half Steps
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half steps which occur within the key of music, not the same letter name
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Chromatic Half Steps
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do not occur naturally within the scale, half step with the same letter name for both notes must be chromatic
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Dom. 7
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Major + minor
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Maj. 7
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Major + major
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min. 7
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minor + minor
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half dim. 7
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diminished + minor
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dim. 7
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diminished + diminished
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Modulation
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when a musical composition changes from the original key to another key, and remains in the new key for a reasonable amount of time
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Fugue
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Exposition:
Subject- first voice to enter Answer Countersubject Episode |
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Baroque Suite Dances
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Allemande
Courante or Corrente Sarabande Optional Dances Gigue |
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Allemande
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dance in moderate 4/4 time, German origin
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Courante
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French dance
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Corrente
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Italian dance in quick triple meter
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Sarabande
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Spanish origin, slow triple meter
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Minuet
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French dance, 3/4 meter
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Bouree
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French dance, duple meter w/ single upbeat
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Gavotte
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French dance
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Polonaise
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Polish dance
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Anglaise
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English origin
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Loure
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dance in moderate 6/4 time
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Air
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song rather than a dance
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Gigue
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Irish origin, compound meter
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Sonata Allegro form
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Exposition (Theme 1 Tonic, Theme 2 Dominant)
Development (motives based on themes 1 and 2 are developed in various ways) Recaptulation (Theme 1 Tonic, Theme 2 Tonic) |
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A Tempo
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return to original tempo
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Accelerando
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accelerate, gradually faster
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Adagio
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slowly
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Allegro
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fast or quick
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Allegretto
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slightly slower than Allegro, faster than Andante
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Andante
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moderate walking tempo
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Andantino
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slightly faster than Andante
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Animato
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animated, with spirit
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Appoggiatura
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see music
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Atonality
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no specific key or tonality
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Bitonality
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use of two different keys at same time
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Cantabile
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in a singing style
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Con Brio
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with vigor or spirit
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Con Fuoco
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with fire
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Con moto
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with motion
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Dolce
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sweetly
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Doloroso
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sadly, sorrowfully
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Enharmonic
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two different names for the same pitch (C sharp, D flat)
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Espressivo
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Expressively
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Forte-piano
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loud immediately followed by soft
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Giocoso
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Merrily, with humor
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Gracioso
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gracefully
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Largo
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very slowly
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Leggiero
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lightly, delicately
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Lento
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slowly
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m.d.
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mano destra, use right hand
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m.s.
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mano sinistra, use left hand
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Marcato
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marked, stressed
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Meno mosso
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less motion
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Moderato
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moderate or medium tempo
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Molto
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very, much
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Opus
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used to indicate chronological order in which composer's work was written
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Parallel major/minor
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major and minor keys with the same name
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Pesante
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heavily
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Piu
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More
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Poco
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little
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Presto
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very fast
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Rallentando
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gradually slower
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relative major and minor
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major and minor keys with the same key signature
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Ritardando
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slow down gradually
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Ritenuto
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immediately slower
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Robusto
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robustly, boldly
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Rubato
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varying the rhythm of a phrase by slowing or rushing the tempo, making up the changed time elsewhere in the phrase
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Scherzando
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playfully, jokingly
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Sempre
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always
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Senza
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without
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Smorzando
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Dying away
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Simile
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continue in the same style
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Sostenuto
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sustained
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Subito
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suddenly
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Tre Corde
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release Una Corda pedal (soft pedal)
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U.C.
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Una Corda, press left pedal
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Vivace
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quick, lively
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Vivo
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brisk, lively
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Fermata
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hold note
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Baroque characteristics
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Polyphonic Texture
Use of Ornamentation Improvisation Figured Bass Dance Suites Terraced Dynamics |
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Baroque composers
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Hadyn
Handel Scarlatti |
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Classical characteristics
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Homophonic Texture
Obvious cadence points Alberti Bass Sonata and Sonatina forms |
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Classical composers
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Mozart
Hadyn Czerny |
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Romantic characteristics
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Programme music
Harmonies more complicated Lyric melodies Rhythms more complicated |
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Romantic composers
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Brahms
Schumann Schubert |
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Impressionism characteristics
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unclear tonalities
non-metric rhythms |
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Impressionism composers
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Debussy
Ravel Griffes |
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Contemporary characteristics
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major and minor tonalities avoided
Quartal harmony Bitonality Polytonality Atonality Irregular, changing meters Polyphonic texture |
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Contemporary composers
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Bartok
Kabalevsky Gershwin |
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Rondo
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musical form that is multi-sectional with a recurring theme
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Quartal harmony
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harmony based on interval of the 4th
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Rubato
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varying rhythm by slowing or rushing tempo
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Toccata
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vituoso piece common during Baroque Period, written in free style
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Sotto voce
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in a low voice
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Tenuto
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stress the note
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Simile
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continue in same style
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Stretto
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refer to the overlapping of subjects and answers
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Tertian harmony
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Harmony made up of interval of 3rd
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Fugue
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style of composition in which 3 or more voices follow one another in imitative manner
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