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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
When we refer to someone's intelligence quotient as if it were a fixed and objectively real trait such as height, we
commit a reasoning error called |
reification.
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The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations is known as
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intelligence
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Spearman referred to the general capacity that may underlie all of a person's specific mental abilities as
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the g factor
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Those who emphasize the importance of the g factor would be most likely to encourage
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quantifying intelligence with a single numerical score
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A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related test items that seem to tap a common ability is called
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factor analysis
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A person who demonstrates an exceptional specific mental skill while otherwise remaining very limited in intellectual
capacity is said to show signs of |
savant syndrome
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Psychological tests show that 18-year-old Isaiah has an intelligence score of 65. Nevertheless, Isaiah can, with a few
seconds of mental calculation, accurately tell the day of the week on which Christmas falls for any year in this century. It would be fair to conclude that |
Isaiah is a person with savant syndrome.
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Of the following, who best illustrates Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence?
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Nicole, a teenager who completes the road test for her driver's license without a single error
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Whenever Arlo reminded himself that his musical skills could earn him fame and fortune, he became less creative in his
musical performance. This best illustrates that creativity may be inhibited by |
extrinsic motivation
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In very stressful or embarrassing situations, Sanura is able to maintain her poise and help others to feel comfortable.
Sanura's ability best illustrates the value of |
emotional intelligence
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Environmental stimulation during childhood often contributes to the development of intelligence by altering the
circuitry of the brain. This alteration illustrates |
neural plasticity
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Encouraging those of high intellectual ability to mate with one another was of most interest to
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Francis Galton
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The French government commissioned Binet to develop an intelligence test that would
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reduce the need to rely on teachers' subjectively biased judgments of students' learning potential.
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Intelligence tests were initially designed by Binet and Simon to assess
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academic aptitude
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In developing a test of intellectual ability for Parisian schoolchildren, Binet and Simon assumed that
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a bright child would perform like a normal child of an older age
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A 6-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency typical of an average 8-year-old was
said to have an IQ of |
133
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Sorina has a mental age of 10 and an IQ of 125 as measured by the Stanford-Binet. Sorina's chronological age is
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8
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The original IQ formula would be LEAST appropriate for representing the intelligence test performance of
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university students
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Aptitude tests are specifically designed to
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predict ability to learn a new skill.
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The test that provides separate verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, and processing speed
scores, as well as an overall intelligence score, is the |
Stanford-Binet
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When a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative and pretested sample of people, the test
is said to be |
standardized
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A bell-shaped curve that characterizes a large sample of intelligence test scores is a graphic representation of a
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normal distribution
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The widespread improvement in intelligence test performance during the past century is called
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the Flynn effect
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The Flynn effect is LEAST likely to be explained in terms of
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changes in human genetic characteristics.
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A test is reliable if it
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yields dependably consistent scores.
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Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on alternate forms of the same test in order to measure the
________ of the test. |
reliability
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A test has a high degree of validity if it
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measures or predicts what it is supposed to measure or predict
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After learning about his low score on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Gunter complained, “I don't believe that
test is a measure of intelligence at all.” Gunter's statement is equivalent to saying that the WAIS lacks |
validity
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If both depressed and nondepressed individuals receive similar scores on a diagnostic test for depression, it suggests that
the test |
is not valid
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When Ian Deary and his colleagues retested 80-year-old Scots, using an intelligence test they had taken as 11-year-olds,
the correlation of their scores across seven decades was |
+.66.
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A condition involving mental retardation caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup is known as
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down's syndrome
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Terman observed that children with IQ scores over 135 are likely to
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be academically successful.
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Research on the determinants of intelligence indicates that
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both genes and environment have some influence on intelligence scores.
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The intelligence scores of adopted children are LEAST likely to correlate positively with the intelligence scores of their
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adoptive parents
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The impact of early environmental influences on intelligence is most apparent among young children who experience
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savant syndrome
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Research indicates that Head Start programs
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increase the school readiness of children from disadvantaged home environments.
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. On which of the following tasks are males most likely to outperform females?
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mentally rotating three-dimensional objects
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Research on racial differences in intelligence indicates that
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on average, Black Americans perform less well than White Americans on intelligence tests.
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Intelligence tests are most likely to be considered culturally biased in terms of their
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content validity
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Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test
scores |
occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence test subscales.
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Self-fulfilling expectations are most likely to be triggered by
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stereotype threats
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Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks.
This best illustrates the impact of |
stereotype threat
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