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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In the 1960s, humanistic psychologists considered the approach advanced by behaviorists to be excessively
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mechanistic
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The explanatory power of a scientific theory is most closely linked to its capacity to generate testable
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predictions
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Research participants are randomly assigned to different groups in an experiment in order to
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reduce the likelihood of any preexisting differences between groups of participants
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To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?
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naturalistic observation
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Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support “welfare” than “aid to the needy.” These somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of
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wording effects
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The method of introspection was used by Edward Titchener to identify
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sensory experiences
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The case study is a research method in which
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a single individual is studied in great depth
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Psychology is currently defined as:
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The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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Dr. Frye conducts research investigations on memory, with the intent of contributing to what is known about human memory processes.
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Basic Research
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In a psychological experiment, the experimental factor that is manipulated by the investigator is called the ________ variable.
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independent
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Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies, ________ ensures that research participants' belief in a drug's healing powers will not bias the results
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the double-blind procedure
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To accurately infer cause and effect, experimenters should use
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random assignment
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Research participants who carefully observe and report their immediate thoughts and feelings in response to different musical sounds are using the method known as
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introspection
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In a test of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem-solving skills, research participants are allowed to sleep either 4 or 8 hours on each of three consecutive nights. This research is an example of
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an experiment
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To represent graphically the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a
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scatterplot
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To determine whether the strength of people's self-esteem is related to their income levels, researchers would most likely make use of
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correlational research
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Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables?
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–0.12
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If the correlation between the physical weight and reading ability of children is +0.85, this would indicate that
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better reading ability is associated with greater physical weight among children
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A hypothesis is a(n)
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testable prediction that gives direction to research
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The first psychological laboratory was established by
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Wilhelm Wundt.
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