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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Alveoli
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gas exchange structure within mammalian lungs; tiny air pocket with walls made of a membrane that is a single cell thick, allowing for exchange of respiratory gases
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Bronchiole
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in a mammal, the passageway that branches from the bronchi into the separate lobes of the lungs; divides into smaller and smaller passageways that carry air into all portions of the lung.
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Bronchus
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in a mammal, the passageway that branches from the trachea into the lungs with one bronchus carrying air into each lung.
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Diaphragm
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in mammals, a muscle layer that separates the region of the lungs (thoracic cavity) from the region of the stomach and liver (abdominal cavity); contraction contributes to inspiration by increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.
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Epiglottis
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in mammals, flap of cartilage located over the entrance to the trachea (glottis); closes during swallowing to prevent food from entering the respiratory tract.
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Glottis
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in mammals the opening of the trachea through which air enters the larynx.
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Larynx
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in mammals, a structure within the upper respiratory tract that contains the vocal cords. Also known as the voice box
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Lung
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each of the pair of organs situated within the rib cage, consisting of elastic sacs with branching passages into which air is drawn, so that oxygen can pass into the blood and carbon dioxide be removed.
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Nasal Passages
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passage from the nostrils to the back of the throat through which air enters the body; serves to warm, moisten, and clean incoming air; lined with ciliated cells and mucus secreting cells. Also called Nasal Cavity
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Nostril
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either of two external openings of the nasal cavity in vertebrates that admit air to the lungs
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Pharynx
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structure located just behind the mouth that connects the mouth and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus; serves as a passageway for air into the respiratory system and for food and water into the digestive system. Also known as throat.
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Pleural Membrane
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double layered membrane that encloses the lungs; also known as pleura.
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Thoracic Cavity
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Contains structures of the respiratory system, including the trachea, bronchi and lungs
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Trachea
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in vertebrates, tube that carries air from the nasal passages or mouth to the lungs. Also known as windpipe.
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Spirograph
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graph representing the amount of air that moves into and out of the lungs with each breath.
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Tidal Volume
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volume of air that is inhaled and exhaled in a normal breathing movement when the body is at rest.
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Inspiratory Reserve Volume
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additional volume of air that can be taken in by the lungs, beyond a regular, or tidal, inhalation.
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Expiratory Reserve Volume
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additional volume of air that can be forced out of the lungs, beyond a regular, or tidal, exhalation.
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Vital Capacity
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the total volume of gas that can be moved in or out of the lungs; equal to tidal volume+inspiratory reserve volume+expiratory reserve volume; known as lung volume capacity.
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Residual Volume
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amount of gas that remains in the lungs and the passageways of the respiratory system even after a full exhalation.
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External Respiration
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exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood; takes place in the lungs.
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Internal Respiration
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exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body’s tissue cells and the blood.
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