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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aortic Aneurysm |
diagnosis of enlarged aorta; due to weakened aortic wall |
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Aortic dissection |
diagnosis in which the arterial wall splits apart |
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Arrythmia |
Disturbance of rhythm in the heartbeat |
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Aortic rupture |
diagnosis in which the arterial wall breaks open as could happen in aortic dissection, ruptures aortic aneurysm trauma |
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Atrial fibrillation |
irregular beating of the atria; indicates that the sinus node is not conducting a normal sinus rhythm; "a fib" |
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Atrial flutter |
irregular beating of the atria; often described as "a-flutter with 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block" |
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Atrial septal defect |
ASD; a hole in the atrial septum that causes blood in the RA and LA to mix |
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Bradycardia |
Slow heart rate (HR<60) |
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Cardiac ischemia |
decreased blood flow through the coronary vessels and to the heart; usually diagnosed by ST segment depressions on EKG |
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Cardiomegaly |
enlarged heart |
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Cardiomyopathy |
Disease of the heart muscle |
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Dialated Cardiomyopathy |
dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart |
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Extra systoles |
Extra beats of the heart heard during auscultation |
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Friction rub |
described as grating, scratching sound of the heart indicative of pericarditis |
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Gallop |
Three or four sounds, resembling the sounds of a gallop |
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irregularly irregular |
Heart rhythm for anyone with Atrial Fibrillation |
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Murmur |
Abnormal heart sound rated on 1-6 scale |
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Myocardial Infarction |
Death of cardiac muscle due to prolonged ischemia when blood flow through the coronary artery is obstructed |
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Myocarditis |
inflammation of the heart muscle |
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NSTEMI |
Non ST segment elevation MI; a heart attack that is not diagnosed on the EKG but is diagnosed by an elevated troponin on blood test |
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Pericardial tamponade |
diagnosis due to fluid in the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers its ability to contract normally |
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Pericarditis |
Inflammation of the pericardium evidenced on physical exam but the presence of a friction rub on heart auscultation |
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Pulse exam |
Carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, portal pedis (DP) or posterior tibia (PT) |
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STEMI |
ST elevated myocardial infarction; when an EKG shows "ST segment elevation" it indicates an acute heart attack |
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Tachycardia |
Fast heart rate (HR>100bpm) |
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Ventricular fibrillation |
irregular beating of the ventricles; this is a terminal event that requires immediate electrical cardioversion |
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Valvular vegetation |
an infection growth on the cardiac valves |
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Ventricular septal defect "A VSD" |
A hole in the ventricular septum that causes blood to mix between the RV and LV |
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Ventricular wall thrombus |
a blood clot that attaches to the inside wall of the ventricle; pieces of the thrombus can break off and spread anywhere in the body leading to infarctions |
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Aorta |
Artery carrying blood from the heart (LV) to the rest of the body |
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Aortic valve |
Heart valve between the LV and the ascending aorta |
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Atrial septum |
heart tissue that separates the RA from the LA |
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AV Node |
Atrioventricular node: receives the electrical activity from the SA nodes and conducts it to the ventricles: the right bundle and the left bundle |
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Coronary artery |
Artery that supplies the heart with blood; there are the right coronary artery (RCA), the left main coronary artery, the circumflex coronary artery, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and many branches coming from each known as marginal coronary arteries |
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Left Atrium |
LA: chamber in the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein |
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Left Ventricle |
LV: chamber in the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the LA |
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Mitral Valve |
heart valve between LA and LV |
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Myocardium |
heart muscle |
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Pericardium |
The lining surrounding the heart |
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Pulmonary artery |
Artery carrying blood from the heart (RV) to the lungs) |
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Pulmonary vein |
Vein carrying blood from the lungs to the heart (LA) |
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Pulmonic valve |
Heart valve between the RV and the pulmonary artery |
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Right Atrium |
RA: chamber in the heart that receives blood from the vena cava, sends it to the RV |
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Right Ventricle |
RV: chamber in the heart that receives blood from the RA, sends it to the lungs |
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SA node |
Sinoatrial node: pacemaker of the heart |
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Tricuspid valve |
heart valve between RA and RV |
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Vena cava |
Veins leading blood to the heart |
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Ventricular septum |
Heart tissue that separates the RV from the LV |
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Aneurysm |
Localized ballooning of a vessel due to a weakened vessel wall |
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Artery |
Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart, muscular, contractile |
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Bruit |
A whooshing sound heard during auscultation indicative of blockage or aneurysm |
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Dissection |
Blood flow into the wall layers of an artery causing the arterial walls to split apart |
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Deep Venous Thrombosis |
DVT; deep clot in the extremity |
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Embolism |
Obstruction of a blood vessel by a traveling clot of blood or foreign substance |
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Hemangioma |
Tumor consisting of blood vessels |
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Stenosis |
Narrowing of a body opening or passage |
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Thrombus |
Blood clot or blockage |
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Vein |
Vessel carrying blood towards the heart, soft, compressible |