Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
3 Common structure of plants |
Stems, roots, leaves |
|
Unlike animals, plants use energy from _______ to form sugars during photosynthesis. |
Sunlight |
|
These are structures in plant cells that cannot be found in animal cells. |
Cell walls, plastids/chloroplast, central vacoule |
|
Found in meristems; plant regions of continuous cell division and growth. |
Meristemic Tissue |
|
Consists of plant cells that are no longer actively dividing |
Non-meristemic Tissue or Permanent |
|
2 Types of plant tissues |
Meristemic and Non-meristemic/permanent tissue |
|
3 Types of meristemic tissue |
Apical, Lateral, Intercalary |
|
Contains merismetic tissue located at the tips of stems and roots, which enable a plant to extend in length. |
Apical Meristems |
|
Facilitate growth in thickness or girth in a maturing plant |
Lateral Meristems |
|
Occur only in monocots, at the bases of leaf blades and at nodes; enables the monocot leaf blade to increase in length from the leaf base. |
Intercallary Meristems |
|
3 main types of meristems |
Dermal tissue, vascular tissue, ground tissue |
|
Covers and protects the plant |
Dermal tissue |
|
Transports water, minerals and sugars to different parts of the plant |
Vascular tissue |
|
Serves as a site for photosynthesis; provides a supporting matrix for the vascular tissue; and helps to store waters and sugars |
Ground Tissue |
|
2 Types of Secondary Tissues |
Simple and Complex |
|
Composed of similar cell types. E.g. Dermal tissue |
Simple |
|
Composed of different cell types. E.g. Vascular Tissue |
Complex |
|
Transports water and nutrients from the roots to different parts of the plant. |
Xylem Tissue |
|
Xylem Tissue Cell Types |
Vessel Elements, Tracheids, and Xylem Parenchyma |
|
Used for conduction and support |
Tracheids |
|
Storage cells capable of division |
Xylem Parenchyma |
|
Transports organic compounds from the site of photosynthesis to other parts of the plant. |
Phloem Tissue |
|
Phloem Tissue Cell Types |
Sieve Cells, Companion Cells, Phloem Parenchyma, and Phloem Fibers |
|
In stems, the xylem and the phloem form a structure called a _______________. |
Vascular Bundle |
|
In roots, the xylem and the phloem form a structure called a _______________. |
Vascular Stele |
|
2 Organ Systems |
Shoot System and Root System |
|
It grows above ground, where it absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis. |
Shoot System |
|
2 Parts of a Shoot System |
Vegetative Part and Reproductive Part |
|
Non-reproductive parts of the plants such as the leaves and the stems |
Vegetative Part |
|
Include flowers and fruits |
Reproductive Part |
|
It supports the plants and absorbs water and minerals; is usually underground |
Root System |
|
part of the shoot system; main function is to provide support to the plant, holding leaves, flowers and buds; in some cases, store food for the plant; transports absorbed water and minerals to different parts of the plant; transports the products of photosynthesis (sugars) from the leaves to the rest of the plant |
Stem |
|
5 Parts of the Stem |
Nodes, Internodes, Petiole, Axil, Apex |
|
points of attachment for leaves, aerialroots, and flowers.� |
nodes |
|
the region between two nodes. |
Internodes |
|
the stalk that extends from the stem to the base of the leaf. |
Petiole |
|
the area between the base of a leaf and the stem where it can give rise to a branch or a flower. |
Axil |
|
contains the apical meristem within the apical bud. |
Apex (tip) |
|
Functions of Roots |
1. Anchoring the plant to the soil 2. Absorbing water and minerals and transporting them upwards 3. Storing the products of photosynthesis 4. Some roots are modified to absorb moisture and exchange gases |
|
2 Types of Roots |
Tap Root System (Dicots) and Fibrous Root System (Monocot) |
|
main root grows down vertically, and from which many smaller lateral roots arise; it penetrates deep into the soil. E.g. Dandelions |
Tap Root System |
|
located closer to the soil surface, and forms a dense network of roots that also helps prevent soil erosion. E.g. lawn grasses, wheat, rice and corn |
Fibrous Root System |
|
main sites for photosynthesis: the process by which plants synthesize food. |
Leaves |
|
Leaves are mostly green, due to the presence of ___________l in the leaf cells |
Chlorophyl |
|
5 Parts of Leaves |
1. Lamina/Leaf Blade 2. Petiole 3. Stipules 4. Midrib 5. Margin |