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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mid-Tudor Crisis |
~Traditionalist: -Pollard -Weak rulers -Noak argued that Northumberland was strong, executing Somerset saved England -Economic instability -Rebellions -Factionalism (Norfolk+Gardiner vs Somerset+Parr) -Foreign policy failure -Religious upheaval -Succession crisis ~Revisionist: -Government showed strength in overcoming the problems -"Crisis" redefined, machinery of state never about to collapse -David Loades |
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Wolsey + Henry VIII Foreign Policy |
~Traditionalist: -Wolsey wanted to dominate Europe -Wanted to please the pope -And eventually to become the pope -Pollard ~Revisionist: -Henry in control -The Imperial King -Wanted the French throne -Loades and Guy |
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Elizabethan Government and Settlement, Traditionalist |
~Traditionalist: -Tension in Parliament and Privy Council -A strong queen battle against her government -Settlement was a compromise -Puritans were an increasing threat -Catholics were a decreasing threat -Neale ~Revisionist: -More cooperation -Settlement reflected her own religious views |
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Elizabethan Government and Settlement, Revisionist Branches |
~Older view: -More cooperation -Settlement reflected her own religious views -A 'Golden Age' -Catholicism continued as a threat -Puritanism declined -Pollard, Elton, Elton -Guy: 8 core councillors ~Post-revisionist: Parliament conflict arose from privy-council conflict -Elizabeth spoiled government by ruling through personal relationships -Haigh + Doran |
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Break From Rome |
~Traditionalist: -Henry in control -Like a lion -Henry's desire for power more a cause than the "Great Matter" -Pollard ~Revisionist: -Cromwell the puppeteer -Henry left detail to ministers -Cromwell motivated by politics, not religion -Elton ~Structuralist: -Church could not have remained unreformed -Revolution from below -Lollards enabled reception of Protestantism -Dickens |
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Henry VII's Effectiveness |
~Older revisionists: -Developed Elton's argument that government saw evolution not revolution -His exile meant he did not understand how England worked -Had to rely on 15th Century methods -Christine Carpenter ~Later revisionists: -Henry brought European ideas to England -Brough country under control -Trade restored, nobles restricted, economic surplus, church reduced corruption -Starkey |
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Elizabeth's Economy and Society |
~Structuralists: -Agricultural revolution -Transformation of production ~Revisionists: -Elizabeth did not tax the rich enough -Change not consistent enough -Change was not widespread enough -But there was undoubtedly change throughout society |
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Elton's Thesis |
~Elton: -Constitutional revolution, Henry became head of Church + State and extended authority over Wales and Durham -Political revolution, King-in-Parliament -Bureaucratic revolution, Specialised departments, Privy council emerged ~Critics (Starkey): -Crown already had influence over the church -Parliament was used because it was needed, only later became a partner -Government remained essentially personal |
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Anglo-Spanish Declines in Relations |
~Traditionalist: -A victorious period -Protestant victory over Catholic enemy -Golden era ~Revisionist: -Elizabeths' actions were reactionary and defensive -Loades |
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Wolsey |
-Most historians agree he did not manage parliament well -Guy called him 'arrogant', but the most gifted administrator of the Tudors -Peter Gwyn argued that the Eltham Ordinances were primarily financial -Starkey argued they were a response to the Amicable Grant, Wolsey feared he was so unpopular he would lose influence |
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Henry VIII Late Foreign Policy |
-Pollard, primarily focused on Scotland, wanting to unite the British Isles -Scarisbrick, primarily focused on France, wanting Imperial victory |