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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic? |
Eukaryotic cells have more advanced cellular organisation. |
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What is cell theory? |
-All living things are made of cells -Cell is basic unit of life -Cells arise from pre-existing cells |
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Cell wall |
Only plant cells. Support, keeps structure, protects cell. |
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Cell membrane |
Both animal and plant. Support, controls movement of materials in/out of cell, barrier. |
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Nucleus |
Both animal and plant. Control centre of cell, DNA. |
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Nuclear membrane |
Both animal and plant. Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus. |
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Cytoplasm |
Both animal and plant. Supports/protects cell organelles |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.) |
Both animal and plant. Rough or smooth. Carries material through cell |
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Ribosome |
Both animal and plant. Produces proteins |
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Mitochondria |
Both animal and plant. Breaks sugars down into energy |
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Vacuole |
Large in plant, small in animal. Store food, water waste |
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Lysosome |
Uncommon in plant, common in animal Breaks down larger food molecules Digests old cell parts |
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Chloroplast |
Only plant cells. Uses energy from sun to make food for plant |
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Golgi apparatus |
Both animal and plant. Modify proteins, package and export proteins |
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Cilia |
Animal cells. |
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Surface area to volume ratio |
SA=outside area of object V=sXsXs Cell gets bigger > SA:V ratio decreases |
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Plasma membrane |
Separates contents from outside environment, protects interior, made of proteins and lipids. |
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Diffusion |
Molecules move from more concentrated to less concentrated |
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Osmosis |
Molecules move from less concentrated to more contentrated |
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Facilitated diffusion |
Carrier protein acts as selective corridor which helps molecules move across the membrane |
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Active transport |
What happens when a cell uses energy to transport something - movement of individual molecules across the cell membrane. |
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Endocytosis |
Process by which molecules move into the cell |
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Exocytosis |
Process by which molecules move out of the cell |
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Isotonic |
Solution is the same concentration on both sides |
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Hypertonic |
Solution is higher concentration than on the other side |
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Hypotonic |
Solution is lower concentration than on the other side |
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Autotroph |
Organism capable of self nourishment, uses photosynthesis or chemosynthesis |
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Heterotroph |
Organism requiring organic compounds for food source |
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Potential energy |
Stored energy not currently in use but is available for future use. Chemical bonds contain potential energy |
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Kinetic energy |
Energy that is currently being used and is doing work |
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ATP cycle |
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Photosynthesis |
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Shoot system |
Stems- Support plant, conduct water and nutrients from roots and food in form of sugar. Leaves- Food made in photosynthesis |
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Root system |
Water and minerals move upwards into shoot system |
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Transpiration |
The process of water leaving the plant through the leaves |
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