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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
According to Charles Darwin, organic evolution is "descent with modification," which simply means....
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Species change over time.
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The idea of evolution did not originate with Charles Darwin. Who first believed that living organisms changed over long time periods?
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Empedocles and Aristotle
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The 18th century comparitive anatomist, Buffon, became convinced that....
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Change had occurred during the history of life on earth, but he thought that organisms degenerated from their previous state.
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Jean Lamarck proposed a theory of evolution involving...
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Inheritance of acquired characteristics.
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Lyell and Hutton came up with this idea and it means....?
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Lyell and Hutton espoused the idea that natural forces such as wind, rain, and geological uplift, rather than catastrophic events, shaped the earth. This idea was known as Uniformitarianism.
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Darwin observed _________ in the Galapagos Islands; today they are used as a classic example to illustrate great adaptive radiation.
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Finches
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What are the four main points of Darwin's theory?
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1. All organisms have a greater reproductive potential than is ever utilized.
2. Inherited variations exist - these can be helpful, harmful or neutral. 3. Resources are limited; therefore, existence is a struggle. 4. Adaptive traits become more common in subsequent generations. Maladaptive traits become less common because organisms with these traits are less likely to reproduce. |
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Before publication of Darwin's book, he published a short summary of his theory alongside a paper written by, ____________, who had independently arrived at many of the same conclusions.
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Alfred Wallace
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Studies in biogeography....
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Record patterns of animal distribution and seek to understand them.
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Darwin's most important publication was...
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On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
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Alfred Wallace based his theory of evolution on observations made while he was on a zoological expedition to the...
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Malay Archipelago
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_________ are evidences of past life preserved in stone, coal or other materials.
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Fossils
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An important component of Darwin's theory is that...
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Natural populations contain genetic variation.
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Homologous characteristics and structures evolve between species because....
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The species share a common ancestry.
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Thomas Malthus believed that...
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Poverty, war, plague, and famine result from a shortage of resources due to the human population's potential to increase geometrically.
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Analogous structures
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Similar structures in unrelated organisms that arise through convergent evolution.
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Darin found fossil remains of several extinct species in South America. He considered the fossils to be evidence that...
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The species composition of the planet had changed over time.
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Pelvic bones in whales are examples of...
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Vestigial structures.
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A type of absolute dating that uses the degree of change in regions of DNA relies on a concept called the...
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Molecular clock.
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Organic evolution |
"Descent w modification" PPP can change over time |