Mitral stenosis

A 64-year-old gentleman admitted with CHF. Diabetic, without any previous cardiac history. He is a former smoker. An echocardiogram demonstrated findings consistent with cardiomyopathy, and with injection fraction of 20-30%, and mild mitral insufficiency. Because he developed new T-wave inversions and had risk factors, it was appropriate, though he was without anginal symptoms, to recommend catheterization. Catheterization was undertaken today, demonstrating the following: Right…

The mitral valve (MV) plays a crucial role in cardiac function, controlling blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle. The components of the valve include an anterior leaflet, a posterior leaflet, tendinous chords, papillary muscles, and a saddle shaped annulus at the atrioventricular junction.[1] Deviation in the morphology of any of these components of the valve may result in comprised mechanical integrity of the valve and abnormal leaflet closure.[1] With studies suggesting that…

hand is a tube composed of metal that can remain within the body to keep a blood vessel open. Interventional cardiology is said to be first discovered by Andreas Gruentzig in 1977 when he widened part of an abnormally narrowed, a condition called stenosis, left anterior descending artery through the use of a balloon catheter.3 Previously any treatment of the heart required open heart surgery which put the patient in high risk…

who has a history of mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation and high blood pressure. Mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation is a condition where the mitral valve doesn’t close properly, leading to regurgitation where the blood leaks backwards when the heart beats. The blood is then unable to reach the rest of the body, pushing the heart to pump harder in order for the blood to go to the body. Kathryn’s hypertension is a risk factor that has lead to her condition of mitral valve…

mom becomes advocate for pediatric advance directives http://www.enewscourier.com/news/asking-for-alex-county-mom-becomes-advocate-for-pediatric-advance/article_8fe33ddc-6d46-11e5-8099-e76e0dfe412f.html Alex Hoover, 14, has mitral valve stenosis, a condition in which Alex’s mitral valve is very narrow and limits blood flow to his heart and lungs. Alex was also diagnosed with a form of autism that limits his social interactions with other people. He still receives education through a hospital…

This failure is due to the progressive thickening and lengthening of the leaflets that compose the mitral valve causing them to bulge (prolapse) upward into the left atrium. This prolapse can allow blood to backflow into the atrium (regurgitation). MVP is most commonly caused by abnormally stretchy valve leaflets and will affect approximately 2% of the…

cancer, that would make him or her ineligible for a donor heart, can have an improved quality of life with a destination therapy LVAD (Trivedi et al., 2014). . A ventricular assist device cannot be placed if there is aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis, impaired filling of the left ventricle, or intra-cardiac shunting (Wilson, Mudge, Stewart, & Givertz 2010). However, it is possible to correct these conditions during implantation surgery. A patient may be too small to accommodate the…

Physiology Murmurs are the product of intense blood flow across inflexible, calcified valves; faulty valves that permit reverse blood flow (regurgitation); faulty (deviant openings) in the septum, aorta, or pulmonary artery; or abnormally high velocity of blood flow through a normal structure. Supposedly blood generally flows soundlessly through the heart; yet, these conditions can generate tumultuous blood flow resulting in auscultation of swooshing or gusty sound over the precordium (Weber &…

From a global perspective, cardiovascular disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in most populations 1. In the UK, CVD produces tremendous strain on the NHS and has compelling consequences upon patients, resources and the economic status of health services. Whilst Cancer has recently overtaken cardiovascular disease in leading causes of death in the UK, CVD has not been trailing in terms of mortality, with 28% of deaths in men and 26% in women according to the British Heart…

GERD: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease is most commonly known as “heartburn”. It refers to the back flow of gastric or duodenal contents or both into the esophagus and past the lower esophageal sphincter, without associated belching or vomiting. The reflux of gastric contents causes acute epigastric pain, usually after a meal. Common causes are: food, alcohol, or cigarettes, hiatal hernia, increased abdominal pressure (such as with obesity or pregnancy), medications, nasogastric intubation for…