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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Changes in composition |
Turn of the 1900's, Romantic styles had reached highest point of their development, many composers reacted against subjectivity and sentimental expressiveness and sought new means of expression |
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Motu proprio |
Pope Pius X issued a document in 1903 that sought to establish principles governing music composition suitable for Roman Catholic church: Latin, classic polyphony, no instruments, short masses |
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Ralph Vaughan Williams |
(1872-1958) English composer, Mass in G minor following Motu proprio, Festival Te Deum for Archbishop of Canterbury - Anglican version of text |
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Francis Poulenc |
(1899-1963) French composer, melody important, diatonic motion with passing chromaticism, Mass in G (influenced by Stravinsky, far reaching modulations), Gloria, 4 motets |
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Zoltán Kodály |
(1882-1967) Hungarian composer, nationalistic, embodies folk idioms, Missa Brevis, richly harmonic diatonic style, Te Deum strong sensitivity to textual meaning |
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Igor Stravinsky |
(1882-1971) Mass with strange voicing children and women, 5 woodwind, 5 brass, unmetrical rhythms, objectify musical expression and remove all traces of sentimentality and Romantic notions, Symphony of Psalms |
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Randall Thompson |
(1899-1984) English composer, St Luke Passion, Frostiana, Americana |
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Benjamin Britten |
(1913-1976) English composer, Neo-Classical, did not adopt serialism, St. Nicholas (cantata) Ceremony of Carols War Requiem anti war poems by Wildred Owen, F, C# Rejoice in the Lamb Hymn to the Virgin |
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Vincent Perischetti |
(1915-1987) American composer, Head of Composition at Juliard, Te Deum in English |
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Gustav Holst |
(1874-1934) English composer, mysticism and Eastern philosophies, Hymns from the Rig Veda |
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Daniel Pinkham |
(1923-2006) American composer, neo Classical, expressive dissonance, Lamentions of Job, frequent meter changes |
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Arnold Schoenberg |
(1874-1951) Austrian composer, Gurrelieder, rivals huge orchestra of Mahler, 12-tone inventor (serialism), Pierrot Lunaire (sprechtimme) |
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Arthur Honneggar |
(1892-1955) French by birth, Swiss by background, Le Roi David (stage oratorio), King David, dramatic story unfolds in a series of orchestral, vocal, choral numbers of great pictorial effectiveness, dissonant, sometimes polytonal expressiveness, and lyric beauty |
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William Walton |
(1902-1983) English composer, Belshazzar's Feast, oratorio, dramatic force and excitement, expanded percussion section, 35 mins |
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Krzysztof Penderecki |
(b.1933) Polish composer, highly original, St. Luke Passion, exotic percussion, huge orchestra, extra notation symbols, quarter tones, special effects, glissandi, lowest/highest note on instrument |
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Carl Orff |
(1895-1982) German composer and educator, Carmina Burana (scenic cantata), 25 poems, Medieval German dialect, emphasis on rhythm, harmonic simplicity, no counterpoint, no thematic development, choral writing is chordal, meter changes, vitality |
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Serge Prokofiev |
(1891-1953) Russian composer, Alexander Nevsky (musical score for this motion picture, later choral work) |
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Leonard Bernstein |
(1918-1990) American composer, Mass in English, soloists, choir, orch, rock bands, dancers, and audience |
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Samuel Barber |
(1910-1981) American Neo-Rom composer, Sure on this Shining Night |
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Ernest Bloch |
(1886-1956) Swiss American composer, Sacred Service |
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Aaron Copeland |
(1900-1990) American Neo-Rom composer, later serial, early American songs, 4 motets |
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John Corigliano |
(b.1938) American composer, Fern Hill |
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Hugo Distler |
(1908-1942) German neo-baroque composer, most important secular acappella collection of 20th Century, 52 motets, Sing dem herrn |
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Maurice Durufle |
(1902-1986) French Neo-Romantic composer, chant based, Requiem, Ubi Caritas |
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Gerald Finzi |
(1902-1956) English Neo-Romantic composer, In Terra Pax |
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Paul Hindemith |
(1895-1963) German/American Neo-Classical composer, 6 chanson |
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Herbert Howells |
(1892-1982) English composer, 15 anthems and motets, magnificats and nuncs |
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Charles Ives |
(1874-1954) American composer, Psalm 90, Circus Band, polytonal |
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Gian Carlo Menotti |
(1911-2007) Italian/American composer, The Unicorn, the Gordon, and the Manicore |
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Oliver Messiaen |
(1908-1992) French composer, modes of limited transposition, relationship of time and music, birdsong, O Sacrum Convivium |
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Avro Pärt |
(b.1935) Estonian composer, minimalist, St. John passion |
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Daniel Pinkham |
(1923-2006) American composer, electronic and chorus, much of his choral music is attractive and accessible, Wedding Cantata, many Psalms, motets |
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Sergei Rachmaninoff |
(1873-1943) Russian, Neo-Romantic, All Night Vigil 1915 |
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Maurice Ravel |
(1875-1937) French Impressionist, Trois Chansons |
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Examples |
Large form: Orff Carmina Burana, Tippett A Child of Our Time, Britten War Requiem, Menotti The Unicorn, the Gorgon, and the Manticore Mid-major: Poulenc Gloria, Durufle Requiem, Bernstein Chichester Psalms, Rutter Gloria Small form: Hindemith Six Chanson, Beibl Ave Maria, Howells A Spotless Rose, Britten A Hymn to the Virgin |