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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In ___, the execution and control phase of the MPC begins |
PAC |
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the best practice is to determine the availability of resources using CRP before the release of the planned order |
True |
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two major components of defining capacity |
1. the capacity of the system to perform expect function 2. capacity of the worker, machine, work center, plant, or organization as measure in the output per time period |
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Steps to Capacity Planning Process (which takes place at all levels of capacity planning- from S&OP to MRP) |
1. determine the capacity avialable 2. translate the priority plan in to th capacity required for each time period 3. sum up the capacities for each time period required for each resource in order to compare to capacity available 4. resolve differences for each time period |
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demonstrated capacity |
Calculated by historial data |
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rated capacity |
based on available time, utilization, efficiency |
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Available time EQN |
Available time (hours)= number of machinesx hours a day x days a week |
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Utilization |
Compares hours actually worked to available hours? A percentage. Adjusts the available time. determined from history or sample data. EQN: Utilization= hours actually worked/available hoursx100% |
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Efficiency |
a measure of the actual output compared to the standard expected output. efficiency= standard hours of work/hours actually worked x100% |
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Rated Capacity |
A measure of the output that can be expected of a resource or system such as a work center. RC (standard hours)= available time x utilization x efficiency |
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Demonstrated Capacity |
demonstrated capacity based on actual past performance data. the result is an average capacity. formula: DC (standard hours)= [sum of standard hours for n past periods]/[n past periods] |
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Load |
Capacity requirements generated by the priority planning system. steps to calculate load: 1. component requirements are generated by MRP 2. component requirements converted to operation rime required at each work center. operation time per work order= number of pieces x run time per piece + set up time 3. operation times are allocated- scheduling operations 4. Add the load placed by all orders in each period to calculate load. |
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5 components of manufacturing lead time |
1. queue- time before operation begins 2. setup 3. run 4. wait- time waiting after operation ends 5. move- moving materials between operations |
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CRP process summary |
1. scheduling orders simulation 2. establishing load profiles (visual graph that shows available capacity and the actual load that is being done to see where there is more capacity available) 3. resolve differences *the goals is not too do real scheduling (done later) but to determine the load by doing backward scheduling. |
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Capacity Control |
the capacity management process that monitors actual versus planned output and takes corrective action to get back on plan if there is variance |
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Objectives of PAC |
1. execute the MPS and MRP 2. optimize use of resources 3. minimize work in progress 4. maintain customer service |
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PAC functions |
1. plan/replan 2. implement 3. control (beings once shop order has been released and operation begins) |
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Priority Control |
Rank shop orders in a dispatch list to establish their priority in the sequence of orders that require capacity from a work center |
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4 basic scheduling techniques |
used by schedulers as part of the PAC function 1. forward scheduling 2. backward scheduling 3. infinite loading 4. finite loading see 5-50 for visuals. |
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forward scheduling |
activites are scheduled from a known start date to a known finish date. see 5-50 for visuals. |
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backward scheduling |
activites are scheduled backward from a known due date see 5-50 for visuals. |
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infinite loading |
assumes that capacity is infinite at any work center see 5-50 for visuals. |
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finite loading |
assumes there is a definite limit to capacity at any work center. see 5-50 for visuals. |
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APS |
Advanced Planning Scheduling |
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Rope |
communicates schedule of RM release at the beginning in order to ensure that the bottleneck is never idle |
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Time buffer |
the lead time plus some safety time to allow for WIP to accumulate at the bottle neck. this is the time from the release of materials to receipt of WIP at bottleneck. |
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shop order packet |
must contain all information needed by manufacturing to make the item. to see a list of these things see 5-55 |
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Dispatching rules |
see page 5-59 for table of some |
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critical ratio |
CR. commonly used dispatching rule. it will be less than 1 if the time remaining is less than the work remaining- aka an order will be late. the lower the CR, the later the order. jobs can be sequenced using this value. CR= time remaining/work remaining |
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Input/output control EQN's |
backlog= previous backlog+input-output cumulative variance= previous variance +actual-planned practice on 5-61 |
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flow control |
used to control material in a continuous manufacturing system |