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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a dehydration rxn is what process?
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water molecules are produced as a polymer is formed from monomers |
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what is NOT a polymer
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glucose |
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polysach, triacylglycerides and proteins are similar cuz
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they are synthesized from subunits by dehydration reactions |
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large organic molecules are assembled by polymerization of simple subunits. what's an exception?
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a molecule w/ the chemical formula C6H12O6 is
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carb and monosaccharide only |
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palm oil and coconut oil are more like animal fats than are other plant oils. because they ___ than other plant oils, they may contribute to cardiovascular disease.
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a molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probs a
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fatty acid |
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the label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. what is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil?
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the hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temp. |
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what type of covalent bond between amino acid side chains functions in maintaining a polypeptide's specific three-dimensional shape?
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disulfide bond |
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at which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains most important?
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tertiary
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how will brief heating affect macromolecular structures in aqueous solution?
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DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold
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if cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 35S which of these molecules will be labeled?
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proteins |
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the difference between the sugar in DNA and sugar in RNA
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contains one less oxygen atom |
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difference between DNA and RNA
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complementary strand of 5ATTGCA3
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5TGCAAT3 |
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C6H12O6. what would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration?
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C60H102O51 |
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unsaturated fats is true?
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they are more common in plants than in animals |
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which class of biological polymer has the greatest functional variety?
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proteins |
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all are in a prokaryotic cell EXCEPT
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endoplasmic reticulum |
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which of the following statements concerning cells of bacteria and archaea is correct?
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DNA is present in both archaea and bacteria |
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nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell?
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nuclear envelope is continuous w/ the endoplasmic reticulum |
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if the lamina were to fall into disarray, what would happen?
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a change in the shape of the nucleus |
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which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell
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rough ER
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what about the endomembrane system is correct?
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proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found in closed spaces bounded by membranes of the endomembrane system |
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what eukarykotic organelle has evolved?
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nuclear envelope |
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which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?
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lysosomes |
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common traits of chloroplasts and mitochondria
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DNA in both
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enzymes, dna, ribosomes, plasma membrane, mitochondria
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nearly any eukaryotic organism |
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why isn't the mitochondrion part of the endomembrane system?
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its structure is not derived from the ER or Golgi |
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how does the cell multiply its peroxisomes
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they split in two after they become sufficiently large |
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9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, 9 doublets surrounding a pair of single microtubules?
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both flagella and motile cilia |
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a cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to
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move vesicles around the cell |
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cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella
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tubulin |
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what do the cell walls of plants and the extracellular matrix of animal cells have in common?
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they have functional connections with the cytoskeleton inside the cell |
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characteristic common to all these features?
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they are constructed of polymers that are synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported out of the cell |
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extracellular matrix is thought to participate in communicating info from outside to the inside of the cell
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integrins |
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plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells?
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which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?
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ribosome
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an animal cell lacking oligosaccharides on the external surface of its plasma membrane would likely be impaired in which function?
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cell-cell recognition |
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which is least likely to be important in holding the components of a biological membrane together
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covalent interactions between the phospholipid and protein components of the membrane |
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a typical plasma membrane is
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two sides of the plasma membrane have different lipid and protein composition |
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move thorugh lipid bilayer quickest
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CO2 |
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Red blood cell with ion concentration 0.9% if in beaker of water?
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the cell would swell cuz the water in the beaker is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the red blood cell |
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true of osmosis?
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water moves across a membrane from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration |
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which process includes all others
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passive transport |
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phosphate transport is an example of
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cotransport |
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how could the cell increase the concentration of phosphate in the cytosol?
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active transport |
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the difference between pinocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis
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pino is nonselective in the molecules it brings into the cell, whereas receptor mediated endocytosis offers more selectivity |
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correctly describes some aspect of exocytosis or endocytosis
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exocytosis and endo change the surface area of the plasma membrane |
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true about equilibrium of chemical rxns is correct?
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a rxn that is at equilibrium is not capable of doing any work |
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which is most similar to structure to ATP
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an RNA nucleotide |
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true concerning catabolic pathways
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supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, cell's work. |
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when chemical work is done, what happens to heat generated?
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it is lost to the environment |
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#7
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