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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Social Stratification |
Society’s system of ranking categories of people in a hierarchy. |
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Social Classes |
Categories of people who have similar access to resources and opportunities. |
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Income |
Salary or wages from a job plus earnings from investments and other sources. |
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Wealth |
The value of all economic assets owned by a person or a family minus any debts. |
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Poverty Line |
An income level set by the US government for the purpose of counting the poor. |
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Poverty Gap |
The difference between the actual income of a typically poor household and the official poverty line. |
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Underclass |
Poor people who live in areas with high concentrations of poverty and limited opportunities for schooling or work. |
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Hypersegregation |
Living in a high concentration, cut off from the majority of society and having limited/no access to schooling or work. |
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Culture of Poverty |
Cultural patterns that encourage poverty as a way of life. |
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Meritocracy |
A system of social inequality in which social standing corresponds to a personal ability and effort. |
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Social Disorganization |
A breakdown in social order caused by rapid social change. Rapidly growing cities and industries. |
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Cultural Capital |
Skills, values, attitudes, and schooling that increases a person’s chance of success. |
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Patriarchy |
A social pattern in which males dominate females. |
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Taxation is an important government policy because it... |
Provides the government with the means to operate, discourages certain behaviors, and reduces economic inequality. |
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Progressive Taxation |
A policy that raises tax rates as income increases (a modern Robin Hood). |
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There is no standard definition of... |
The rich. |
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The ___________ is directly linked to the cost of a basic diet. |
Absolute Poverty Line |
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The ____________ is set at sixty percent of the median income level. |
Relative Poverty Line |
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Poor health, substandard housing, homelessness, limited schooling, crime & punishment, and political alienation are all linked to... |
Poverty |
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Oscar Lewis theorized that... |
People adapt to poverty, accept it as a way of life and give up all hope for improving it. |
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Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore theorized that... |
Differences in rewards given for various jobs- is a useful function in society. Some jobs require more development of knowledge and skills than others. Society can only motivate people to develop their abilities by offering higher rewards such as wage, power, and prestige for certain jobs. |
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The University of Chicago developed what theory? |
The Social Disorganization Theory. |
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Herbert Spencer developed what theory? |
The Social Darwinism Theory. |
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Blaming the Victim |
Finding the cause of a social problem in the behavior of the people who suffer from it. |
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The four steps of finding the cause of a social problem based on behavior are what? |
1. Pick an issue that you see as a social problem 2. Decide how people who suffer from said problem differ from everyone else. 3. Define the differences of said problem as the causes. 4. Respond to the problem by trying to change the victim, not the larger society. |
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What theory suggests that the only way to end poverty is to end the industrial-capitalist system. |
The Marxist Theory. |
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Conservatives believe that solving a social problem is a... |
Personal responsibility |
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Liberals believe that solving a social problem is a... |
Societal Responsibility |
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The radical left believe that solving a social problem is a... |
Call for the need of change to the system. |