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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Inform |
To share information with others to enhance their knowledge or understanding of the information, concepts, and ideas you present
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Word picture
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Vivid words that invite listeners to draw on their senses
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Persuasion
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The process of attempting to change or reinforce a listener's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior
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Coercion
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The use of force to get another person to think or behave as you wish; coercion is unethical because it takes away free choice. |
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Cognitive dissonance
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The sense of mental disorganization or imbalance that may prompt a person to change when new information conflicts with previously-organized thought patterns
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Hierarchy of needs
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Abraham Maslow's classic theory that humans have five levels of needs and that lower-level needs must be met before people can be concerned with higher-level needs
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Attitude
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A learned predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably to something; a like or dislike
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Belief
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A sense of what is true or false
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Value
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An enduring conception of right or wrong, good or bad
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Proposition
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A claim with which you want your audience to agree
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Proposition of fact
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A claim that something did or did not happen
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Proposition of value
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A claim that calls for the listener to judge the worth or importance of something
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Proposition of policy
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A claim advocating a specific action to change a policy, procedure, or behavior |
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Ethos
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The credibility or ethical character of a speaker
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Logos
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Logical arguments
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Pathos
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Emotional appeals
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Credibility
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An audience's perception of a speaker's competence, trustworthiness, and dynamism
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Competence
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An aspect of a speaker's credibility that reflects whether the speaker is perceived as informed, skilled, and knowledgeable
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Trustworthiness
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An aspect of a speaker's credibility that reflects whether the speaker is perceived as believable and honest
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Dynamism
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An audience's perception that a speaker is energetic
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Charisma
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Talent, charm, and attractiveness
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Initial credibility
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The impression of a speaker's credibility before the speaker begins to speak
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Derived credibility
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The impression of a speaker's credibility based on what the speaker says and does during the presentation
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Terminal credibility
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The final impression listeners have of a speaker's credibility after the presentation has been concluded
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Proof
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Evidence plus reasoning
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Evidence
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Material used to support a point or premise
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Reasoning
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The process of drawing a conclusion from evidence
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Logical fallacy
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False reasoning that occurs when someone attempts to persuade without adequate evidence or with arguments that are irrelevant or inappropriate |
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Problem-and-solution organization
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Discussing first a problem and then its various solutions
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Cause-and-effect organization
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Discussing a situation and its causes or a situation and its effects
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Refutation
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Organization according to objections your listeners may have to your ideas and arguments
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Motivated sequence
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Alan H. Monroe's five-step plan for organizing a persuasive message
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attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action
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Visualization |
A word picture of the future |
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Asking your audience a question is what? (Page 407) |
One effective way to establish a motive for listening
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Strategies for making your informative speeches more memorable include which of the following? (Page 410) |
Reinforcing key words verbally and nonverbally |
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Content in an informative speech that would be considered "excellent" would (Page 404) |
Relate new information to old information that the audience already understands |
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Your audience will more readily understand your informative speech if you do what? (Page 401) |
Organize your ideas logically
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People in your audience should understand why they are being informed, regardless of what? (Page 398) |
The type of informative speech you are delivering
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Persuasive speeches focus on inviting the audience to do what? (Page 418) |
Modify or maintain the way they think and feel |
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Content in a persuasive speech that would be considered "excellent" would (Page 425) |
Have a thesis or central idea that was developed as a persuasive proposition |
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People respond to efforts to persuade when there is what? (Page 421) |
An emphasis on needs |
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Your listeners, not you, determine whether you have credibility through what? (Page 426)
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Your competence and trustworthiness
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The most basic organizational pattern for a persuasive speech is the problem and solution pattern because it (Page 433) |
Tries to persuade the audience of the solution to a problem that they probably want solved |
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