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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Language |
A system of symbols (words or vocabulary) structured by rules (grammar) and patterns (syntax) common to a community of people (ie., French)
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Symbol
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A word, sound, gesture, or visual image that represents a thought, concept, object, or experience, often within a given cultural context (ie., The U.S. flag)
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Denotative meaning (denotation)
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Literal or restrictive meaning of a word (ie., Dictionary definition of "school")
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Connotative meaning (connotation)
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Personal and subjective or culturally constructed meanings of a word (ie., What comes to mind when you hear the word "school")
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Concrete meaning
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A meaning with a tangible referent; it refers to something that can be perceived with one of the senses. (ie., "Stone"
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Abstract meaning
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A meaning with an intangible referent; it refers to something that cannot be perceived or experienced with one of the senses. ie., "Ideology"
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Culture
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A learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values, rules, and norms that is shared by a group of people and shaped from one generation to the next ie., Amish
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Allness
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A word barrier created through the use of language that reflects unqualified, often untrue generalizations that deny individual differences or variations ie., "Those people are all..."
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Exclusive language
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Language that reveals bias in favor of one social category and against another, and can be subtle or blatant; can take the forms of sexism, racism, religious bigotry, and/or sexual prejudice ie., "We should stick with our own kind."
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Supportive communication
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Language that creates a climate of trust, caring, and acceptance. ie., "Jim, we appreciate the hard work you put into this project."
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Defensive or divisive communication
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Language that creates a climate of hostility and mistrust ie., "Jim, clearly you did not put any effort into this project."
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Sympathy
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The ability to relate to the way another person is probably feeling
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Empathy
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The ability to understand and feel what another person is feeling
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The listening process
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Selecting, Attending, Understand, Remembering, and Responding
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The levels of listening
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Enjoyment, Information, Critical, Precision, and Empathic
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Critical listening
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Listening with the intent to judge or evaluate
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Precision listening
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Understanding substance and style for clues as to meaning
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Empathic listening
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Listening to help others
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Enjoyment listening
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Listening for entertainment
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Listening styles
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People-oriented, action-oriented, content- oriented, and time-oriented |
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Listening barriers
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Emotional noise, self-focus, and criticism. |