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65 Cards in this Set
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Medieval Ceremonial Dances |
many dances from the early days of christianity survived outside of the churches control as folk dances |
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the 3 traditional, ceremonial medieval dances |
1. sword dance 2. maypole dance 3. Morris dance |
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Sword Dance |
-many different group sword dances that share similar characteristics -GROUP CIRCLE DANCE - traditionally preformed by men only -originated by the ritual drama which portrays the restoration of life after winter -the character of the fool plays winter - sun kills winter + restores life in spring - hobby horse - symbol of good luck |
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The scottish sword dance |
- a variation of a sword dance -not a drama - it's a dance of skill - related to greek pyhrritic dance because it is danced on the eve of a battle. to relieve tension and stress - jump over crossed swords and if feet touch sword its an ill omen |
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maypole dance |
dancing and singing during the may ritual - most often around a may pole |
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Maypole |
cut tree planted in a village; decorated with greenery and is a symbol of new growth - full day celebration where maypole is cut and planted |
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Carole |
Dance most frequently danced with a maypole |
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Carole |
- origin of the christmas carol -later spread by wandering minstrels and preformed throughout the year -ribbons added to the maypole in the 18th century |
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2 kinds of Morris dance |
1. court morris dance 2.rural outdoor morris dance |
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court morris dance |
- solo dance of skill - not participatory -included in pagaent and theatrical entertainments |
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Common features of the court morris dance |
twisting torse expressive hand gestures precise finger movements legs are separated - feet being used dramatic facial expressions bells on arms, legs, costumes vigourous leaping sword rhythmical movement |
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Ring dance |
variation of the court morris dance - danced in a circle around a lady -they would compete for her favour - a ring, flower, apple -gives favour to fool at the end |
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Rural Outdoors Morris Dance |
became a folk dance, preformed outside the court setting - included characters from the legend of robin hood - had 3 formations |
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3 formations of the outdoor morris dance |
1. processional 2. circle 3. longways |
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processional outdoor morris dance |
streets of a town or town to town william kemp danced from london to norwich maid marian - man dressed up as woman and became may bride |
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circle outdoor morris dance |
danced at may rituals around a maypole |
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longways formation of outdoor morris dance |
couples in 2 lines facing each other for money, bells on legs, musicians preformed by both men and women |
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what is the most common morris dance |
the longways formation |
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blackface |
illustrates the moorish origin of the morris dance arabs invade spain moors brought their dance with them - morris dance form of disguise - if a dancer is recognizable the ritual is less effective |
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difference between court and outdoor morris dance |
no twisting or expressive and is more upright not a dance of skill - is now a social dance outdoor version survived |
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dance of death |
originated in france, first occurred in 14th century as a MORALITY PLAY based on the inevitability of death figure of death would lead characters off the stage later in songs, poems, dramas, murals - not a specific dance or participatory reveals great preoccupation with death since they were surrounded with it (black plague) |
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medieval view of the dead |
dead seen as hostile and dangerous to the living and had many customs to prevent them from coming back - nails in feet, dance in the graveyard, bind feet together, death watch - dead liked to dance in cemeteries and churchyards and if you joined them you would die within a year |
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figure of death |
appears as a dancer - preformed a dance macabre -often compels people of every age and social class to dance with him in a processional behind him - interpreting as evidence of awakening the spirit of democracy in the middle ages |
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Danseomania |
flourished through europe in 11th-14th century people would dance for days on end without stopping until they collapsed from exhaustion -dancers thought to be bewitched or possessed by the devil -children would dance town to town like the PIED PIPER |
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attemps to stop danseomania |
play music slower - to slow down dancers but encouraged them rituals didn't help bind dancers tightly around the ribcage |
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Danseomania was a curse sent by who? |
st john baptiste |
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why did danseomania occur |
- hysteria resulting from huge psychological distress due to lifestyle hardships and natural disasters - rye grain people ate became infected with fungus - ergot - main ingredient as LSD |
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Forms of Carole |
1. Farandole 2. Branle |
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Farandole |
line dance introduced by greek settlers in france - greek geranos -lead dancers in a snake like formation - out of doors dance: leaders would lead formations joined together through the streets of towns - a celebration dance - births christenings marriages - different formations: escargot, threading the needle, in and out arches, the hay |
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Branle |
circle dance - from french word to sway - held hands and danced in a circle - accompaniment was singing - not instrumental |
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pillow dance |
- variation of the branle stop in front of male of choice go down on pillow and kiss and repeat |
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Why did dance move indoors |
elite class building manor houses where fire places were moved to side of great hall and chimneys built which freed room for dancing |
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what 2 things occurred when dancing moved indoors |
1. processional form of dance developed 2. courtly dance developed |
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indoor processional dance form |
queen at one side of great hall and dancers would enter the hall in lines of couples and curtsied |
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courtly dance |
style of dancing deemed appropriate for ruling class - taught by dancing masters accompanied by professional musicians - refined and graceful |
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Estampie |
-FIRST COURTLY DANCE -accompaniment was instrumental -smooth and chivalrous -respectful handhold -women in maternaty pose -era of adoration of women |
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court of love |
created by anquitaine settled arguments of love and passion |
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basse dance |
low slow PROCESSIONAL dance costumes restricted movement imposing spectable - show off gowns + poses |
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2 types of dance notation |
1. cervera 2. burgundian |
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cervera dance notation |
earliest known abstract symbol dance notation |
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Burgundian dance notation |
derived from the first letter of dance step |
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rebirths of the renaissance
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1. birth of theatrical forms - started in courts 2.social dance became fashionable in courts 3. dance became more complex and sophisticated 4. more dance manuals being written |
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2 major trends that influenced the development of dance in renaissance |
1. shift from dominance by church to dominance by monarchy 2. return to greek classics |
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influences of greek classism in theatrical court dance |
1. subject matter: dance based on greek mythology 2. costumes 3. choreography |
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Dance in royal courts of europe |
used by monarchy as instrument of political power -theatrical dancing was part of the renaissance festival |
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renaissance festival |
public displays of spectacle preformed in the order to proclaim political ideals of reigning monarch |
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major forms of renaissance festival |
1. royal entry 2. equestrian ballet 3. indoor diveritissement |
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royal entry |
GRAND PROCESSIONAL pageant or parade that displayed the majestic glory of the monarch - still preformed today on the queens birthday |
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Equestrian ballet |
derived from medieval tournament that was a test of skill and valour; military exercises preformed to display war skills - mock tournaments made - more theatrical and ceremonial |
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carousel |
form of equestrian ballet
act out dramatic situations - mock duels and chases forerunner to dressage |
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Italian Intermezzi |
short interludes of spoken verse, song and dance between acts of court plays by 16th century became a 4 act musical play; interspesed within a 5 act drama -elaborate machinery - cloud machine and people on wires |
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Balletti |
figured, social dance - preformers and audience would unite in social dancing |
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Ballet de Cour |
- royal theatrical presentations instigated by catherine de medici - brought italian influence - costly -lasted for several days -politcally symbolic theme - purpose: celebrate royal weddings signing of treaties reinforce monarch political ideas - peace and moderation - more like musicals performers were members of the court \ - had spoken verse |
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Ballet Commique de la reine
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biggest and last ballet de la cour - choreographed by beau jeux - only one documented with illustrations -derived from classical greece -FIRST COURT BALLET CONFINED TO ONE DRAMATIC SUBJECT - expensive to produce & bankrupt court - committee means happy ending |
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Ballet Melodramatique |
- court of louis xiii - dance no longer had spoken verse -womens roles preformed by men -grotesque, ugly &burlesque - simpler and less costly |
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Ballet a entree |
louis xiii - number of acts ALL WITH DIFF THEME - no linear narrative but all relates to the theme - 5 themes: music, dance, sport, war, not foolish to temptation - women only allowed to participate in grand ballet at the end |
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Renaissance Social Dance |
- performers were courtiers - took dancing very seriously - skilled dancer = good breeding - learn to ride, dance, fence, - dance talent & social advancement |
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Orchesographie |
first illustrations of dancers with rotated legs - shows happening in renaissance before louis xiv |
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Types of Social Dance |
1. Pavane 2. Galliard |
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pavane |
-FIRST DANCE IN SUITE OF DANCES -open court occasions or ceremonial balls -majestic and slow -derived from medieval basse dance |
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Galliard |
followed pavane - lively with leaps and jumps - skill and improvision -tassle used to train kicks queen elizatbeth did it for exercise |
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LAVOLTA
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variation of galliard - queen elizabeths fav dance - unusual because it had lifts of the women - not allowed under louis XIV |
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Louis XIV |
- greatest of all royal patrons of dance in europe - dance gained professional stature and definitive style - ruled by the right of god - excellent dancer - preformed as apollo the sun god in ballet de la nuit -hosted 2 or 3 balls a week at versailles |
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what did louis XIV balls open with |
- branle - a circle dance in medieval era and processional in baroque |
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what happened when louis stopped dancing at age 32 |
1. theatrical court dance ended 2. social dance continued at court |