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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Engine problems on the ground
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Throttle . . . Idle
Brakes . . . . as req. Engine . . . . switch off if considered necessary, otherwise establish the cause of the problem and re-establish engine performance CAUTION: If the oil pressure is below the green sector, the engine must be switched off immediately WARNING: If the problem cannot be cleared, the airplane must not be flown |
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Engine problems during take-off
If take-off can be abandoned (sufficient runway remaining) |
Land straight ahead:
Throttle . . . Idle On the ground: Brakes . . . as required If you have time- reduce fire risk by: Cutting off 1. Fuel tank 2. Mixture 3. Ignition 4. Master switch |
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Engine problems during take-off if take-off cannot be abandoned
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Maintain stabilized glide at 73 kts.
if time allows: Fuel tank . . . check selected tank Fuel pump . . . check ON Ignition switch . . . check its on BOTH Throttle . . . check its on MAX PWR RPM Lever . . . check its on FULL FWD Mixture . . . check its on FULL FWD Alternate Air . . . OPEN If the problem is not cleared immediately and engine power is not producing well, do an emergency landing straight ahead |
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Engine running roughly in flight
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Maintain Glide . . . 73 knots
Fuel pump . . . On Tank selector . . . check selected tank Engine instruments . . . check Throttle . . . check Prop lever . . . check Mixture . . . appropriate for altitude Alternate air . . . open Ignition status light . . . check Ignition switch . . . check its on BOTH Ignition circuit breaker (IGN) . . . pull Throttle / RPM / Mixture . . . try various settings If problem is not immediately cleared, perform emergency landing. |
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You have a loss of oil pressure. What should you check?
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Check the oil pressure warning light and pressure indicator
Check the oil temperature |
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Loss of oil
Oil temperature is normal (oil pressure warning light does not illuminate or flash) |
Monitor the oil pressure warning light. It is probable that the oil pressure indication is defective.
You should monitor the oil temp. and CHT. |
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Oil pressure indication drops below green and:
1. CHT is rising , and or 2. Oil pressure warning light illuminates |
1. Reduce engine power to the minimum req.
2. Land ASAP 3. Prepare for engine failure and emergency landing |
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Oil pressure tending to 0 combined with vibration, loss of oil, unusual metallic noise and smoke
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A mechanical failure in the engine is apparent
1. Shut off engine immediately 2. Carry out emergency landing |
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High oil pressure. What do you check?
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Check your oil temperature
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High oil pressure
Normal oil temperature |
The fault probably lies in the oil pressure indication which should be ignored ( The airplane should be serviced)
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High oil temperature
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1. Check CHT and EGT.
If neither of these is high, it is probable that the fault lies in the oil temperature indication. The airplane should be serviced. A stable oil temperature indication of 26°F or 317°F suggests a failure of the oil temperature sensor. If CHT or EGT is also high, check oil pressure. If the oil pressure is low, proceed as in 3.2.3 (b)- Loss of oil pressure. If the oil pressure is in the green sector, check the mixture setting, enrich mixture if necessary and or reduce power. If this produces no improvement, land at the nearest appropriate airfield. |
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CHT is in the yellow sector or above
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1. Check mixture setting, enrich mixture if necessary
2. Check oil temperature If the oil temperature is also high, check oil pressure. If the oil pressure is low, proceed as in 3.2.3 (b) Loss of oil pressure. If the oil pressure is in the green sector Reduce power. if this produces no improvement, land at the nearest appropriate airfield. Be prepared for possible emergency landing |
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High RPM- RPM moves on its own into the yellow sector, or is in the red sector
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Check friction adjuster for throttle quadrant.
Check oil pressure: Following a loss of oil or oil pressure, the propeller governor sets a high RPM. In this case the RPM should be regulated using the throttle. Proceed as in 3.2.3 (b) Loss of oil pressure. If oil pressure is normal, pull RPM lever back and listen for an associated drop in RPM - If the indication does not change in spite of an audible drop in RPM, it is probable that the RPM indication is defective which should be ignored (the plane should be serviced) - If there is no audible drop in RPM, it is probable that the governor system is defective, in this case the RPM should be regulated using the throttle. |
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Loss of RPM
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1. Fuel pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Check On
2. Fuel tank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Check 3. Friction adjuster for throttle quadrant . . Check sufficiently tight 4. RPM lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Set on HIGH RPM - Listen for rise in RPM - If there is no audible rise in RPM, it is probable that the governor system is defective. In this case the RPM can be regulated within certain limits using the throttle @ Land at the nearest airport @ Prepare for possible emergency landing - If the indication does not change in spite of an audible rise in RPM, it is probable that the RPM indication is defective, which should thus be ignored (the plane should be serviced) |
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High fuel flow (in the red)
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1. Check the fuel pressure
- If the fuel pressure is low, there is possibly a leak (between the injection system and the injectors). Land at the nearest available airfield - If the fuel pressure is in the green there is no leak; the likely cause is a defective fuel flow indication, which should thus be ignored (the plane should be serviced) 2. Check fuel quantity. A rapid reduction in fuel quantity confirms a high fuel flow |
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Restarting the engine with windmilling propeller
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Note: Restarting the engine is possible at all airspeeds above 70 KIAS up to Vne and up to the maximum demonstrated operating altitude.
Note: As long as an airspeed of at least 65 KIAS is maintained, and there is no major engine failure, the propeller will continue to windmill. 1. Airspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 KIAS 2. Fuel tank selector . . . . . . . . . . . Fullest tank 3. Ignition switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . check BOTH 4. Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check appropriate position 5. Fuel pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check ON 6. Alternate air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN - if engine does not start: 7. Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LEAN 8. Mixture control lever . . . . . . . . . . . Push forward slowly until engine starts NOTE: If it is not possible to start the engine - adopt glide configuration as in 3.4 - GLIDING - carry out emergency landing as in 3.5.1 - Emergency landing with engine off |
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Defective mixture control cable
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(a) Flight and landing:
1. Maintain altitude to the nearest airfield 2. During descent, test the reaction of the engine to a higher power setting. A lean mixture can lead to engine roughness and a loss of power. The landing approach must be planned according. WARNING: Go-around may become impossible with the remaining power. (b) Engine shut-down: 1. Parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . set 2. Engine instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check 3. Avionics master switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 4. All electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 5. Throttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IDLE 6. Ignition switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 7. Master switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF |
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Defective Throttle control cable
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(a) sufficient engine power available to continue flight:
1. Approach nearest airfield, control engine power with prop lever. 2. Perform landing with shut-down engine. (b) no sufficient engine power available to continue flight: 1. Carry out emergency landing as in 3.5.1 - Emergency landing with engine off |
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Defective (RPM lever) Prop lever control cable
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(a) sufficient engine power available to continue flight
1. Approach nearest airfield, control engine power w/ throttle 2. Perform normal landing WARNING: Go-around may become impossible w/ the remaining power (b) no sufficient engine power available to continue flight 1. Carry out emergency landing as in 3.5.1 - emergency landing with engine off |
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Restarting the engine w/ stationary propeller
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Note: Restarting the engine is possible at all airspeeds above 80 KIAS up to Vne and up to the max demonstrated operating altitude
1. Airspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 KIAS 2. Electrical equip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 3. Avionics master switch . . . . . . . . . . OFF 4. Master switch (BAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . check ON 5. Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check 6. Fuel tank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check 7. Fuel pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check ON 8. Alternate air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN 9. Ignition switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . START NOTE: By increasing the airspeed above approx. 130 KIAS, the propeller will begin to rotate and the engine can thus be started. For this, the ignition switch should be set at BOTH (see 3.2.4 Restarting the engine /w windmilling propeller) An altitude loss of at least 1,000 ft. (300 meters) must be allowed for: if it is not possible to start the engine: -adopt glide configuratio |
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Engine fire when starting on the ground
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1. Fuel tank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
2. Cabin heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 3. Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . apply -after standstill 4. Throttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MAX PWR 5. Master switch (BAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF -when engine has stopped 6. Ignition switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 7. Canopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN 8. Airplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Evacuate immediately |
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Electrical fire /w smoke on the ground
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1. Master switch (BAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
- if the engine is running: 2. Throttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IDLE 3. Mixture . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . LEAN - shut off engine -when the engine has stopped 4. Ignition switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 5. Canopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN 6. Airplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Evacuate immediately |
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Smoke and fire during takeoff
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-If take-off can still be abandoned
1. Throttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IDLE 2. Cabin heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 3. Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . apply - bring the plane to a stop 4. after stopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . proceed as in 3.3.1 - Smoke and fire on the ground -If take-off cannot be abandoned 1. Cabin heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 2. If possible, fly along a short-cut traffic circuit and land on the airfield WARNING - If in the event of an engine problem occurring during take-off, the take-off can no longer be abandoned and a safe height has not been reached, then a straight-ahead emergency landing should be carried out. Turning back can be fatal. 3. Maintain glide speed of 73 KIAS -after climbing to a height from which the selected landing area can be reached safely 4. Fuel tank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 5. Fuel pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 6. Cabin heat . . |
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Engine fire in flight
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1. Cabin head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
2. Select appropriate emergency landing field - when it seems certain that the landing field will be reached 3. Fuel tank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 4. Throttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAX PWR 5. Electrical fuel pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 6. Master switch (BAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON 7. Emergency window(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . open if req. 8. Carry out emergency landing w/ engine off CAUTION: In case of extreme smoke development, the front canopy may be unlatched during flight. This allows it to partially open, in order to improve ventilation. The canopy will remain open in this position. Flight characteristics will not be affected significantly. |
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Electrical fire /w smoke in flight
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1. Emergency switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON if installed
2. Master switch (BAT) . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 3. Cabin heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF 4. Emergency window(s) . . . . . . . . . . open if req. 5. Land at an appropriate airfield ASAP Caution: Switching OFF the master switch (BAT) will lead to total failure of all electronic and electric equipment, Also affected from this are - if installed - the attitude gyro (artificial horizon) and the directional gyro. However, by switching the emergency switch ON (only installed on the IFR model), the emergency battery will supply power to the attitude gyro and the flood light. In case of extreme smoke development, the front canopy may be unlatched during flight. This allows it to partially open, in order to improve ventilation. The canopy will remain open in this position. Flight characteristics will not be affected significantly. |