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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who / What/ When/ Where/ Why/ How/ How Much?
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Who is taking the drug?
What drug are they taking? When and Where is the drug being used? Why does a person take a drug? How is the drug taken? How much of the drug is being used? |
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Four Principles of Psychoactive Drugs
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1.Drugs, per se, are not good or bad. With drug abuse, it is the behavior caused and the way the drug is being used that is referred to with the term "bad drugs".
2.Every drug has multiple effects. Although the user might focus on a single aspect of a drug's effect. 3.Both the size and quantity of a drug's effect depend on the amount the individual has taken. 4.The effect of any psychoactive drug depends on the individual's history and expectations. |
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psychoactive drugs
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Those compounds that alter consciousness and affect mood.
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drug
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Any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical nature alters structure or function in the living organism.
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illicit drug
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A drug that is unlawful to posses or use.
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deviant drug use
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Drug use that is not common within a social group AND is disapproved of by the majority, causing members of the group to take corrective action when it occurs (informal: teasing, formal: jail)
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drug misuse
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Generally refers to the use of prescribed drugs in greater amounts than, or for purposes other than, those prescribed by a physician or dentist.
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abuse
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Consists of the use of a substance in a manner, amounts, or situations such that the drug use causes problems or greatly increases the chances of problems occurring.
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addiction
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(Think dependence)
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dependence
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Refers to a state in which the individual uses the drug so frequently and consistently that it appears that it would be difficult for the person to get along WITHOUT using the drug.
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correlate
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A variable that is statistically related to some other variable, such as drug use.
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antecedent
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A variable that occurs before some event such as the initiation of drug use.
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longitudinal study
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A study done over a period of time (months or years).
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gateway
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One of the first drugs (e.g. alcohol or tobacco) used by a typical drug user.
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reinforcement
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A procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by consequent event such that the behavior is then more likely to be repeated. The behavior of taking a drug may be reinforced by the effect of the drug.
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laissez-faire
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A hands off approach to government.
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toxic
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Poisonous, dangerous.
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behavioral toxicity
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Toxicity resulting from behavioral effects of a drug.
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acute
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Referring to drugs, the short-term effects of a single dose.
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chronic
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Referring to drugs, the long term effects from repeated use.
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DAWN
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Drug Abuse Warning Network. System for collecting data on drug related deaths or emergency room visits.
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HIV
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Human immunodeficiency virus.
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AIDS
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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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three processes that may occur with repeated drug use:
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Tolerance, physical dependence, and psychological dependence
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tolerance
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Reduced effect of a drug after repeated use.
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withdrawal syndrome
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A consistent set of symptoms that appears after discontinuing use of a drug.
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physical dependence
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Drug dependence defined by the presence of a withdrawal syndrome, implying that the body has become adapted to the drug's presence.
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psychological dependence
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Behavioral dependence; indicated by a high rate of drug use, craving for the drug, and a tendency to relapse after stopping use.
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reinforcement
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A procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by a consequent event such that the behavior is then more likely to be repeated. The behavior of taking a drug may be reinforced by the effect of the drug.
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catheters
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Plastic or other tubing implanted in the body.
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biopsychosocial
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A theory or perspective that relies on the interaction of biological, individual psychological, and social variables.
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morphine
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A narcotic, the primary active chemical in opium. Heroin is made from morphine.
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patent medicines
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Medicines sold directly to the public under various trademark names. Primarily associated with the period before 1906.
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cocaine
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A stimulant; the primary active chemical in coca.
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FDA
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The United States Food and Drug Administration.
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NDA
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New drug application. Must be approved before a drug is sold.
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IND
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Application to investigate a new drug in human clinical trials.
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DEA
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Drug Enforcement Administration, a branch of the Department of Justice.
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paraphernalia
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Equipment used in conjunction with any activity.
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THC
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Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the most important psychoactive chemical in marijuana.
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coca
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A bush that grows in the Andes and produces cocaine.
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cocaine
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The active chemical in the coca plant.
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coca paste
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A crude extract containing cocaine in a smokable form.
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cocaine hydrochloride
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The most common form of pure cocaine, it is stable and water soluble.
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freebase
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A method of preparing cocaine as a chemical base so that it can be smoked.
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crack
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A street name for simple and stable preparation of cocaine base for smoking.
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rock
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Another name for crack.
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cocaethylene
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A chemical formed when ethanol and cocaine are co-administered.
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ephedrine
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a sympathomimetic drug used in treating asthma.
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amphetamine
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A synthetic CNS stimulant and sympathomimetic.
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narcolepsy
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A disease that causes people to fall asleep suddenly.
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speed
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Street name for amphetamine.
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crank
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Street name for illicitly manufactured methamphetamine.
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crystal meth; ice
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Street names for crystals of methamphetamine hydrochloride.
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ADHD
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attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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methylphenidate (Ritalin)
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A stimulant used in treating ADHD.
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Why do people do drugs?
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1. To get high
2. Religious purposes 3.Psychological Awareness 4. Mood elevator 5. Peer Group 6. To enhance Socialability |
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Problems with drugs?
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1. Medical Problems
2. Legal Problems 3. Death 4. 5. Bad Relationships 6. Developmental 7. Occupational 8. A motivational syndrome |
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150s Puritain Values
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1. Work hard
2. Delaying gratification 3. Obey authority 4. Control your emotions 5. Don't think about sex 6. 2 types of girls: do and don't 7. The family stayed together |
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1960s
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1. Rejected materialism
2. distrusted technology and "reason" 3. Pursue Individuality4. Creation of a subculture "beatnicks" |