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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Risk factors for renal cell ca
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obesity
smoking htn |
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flank pain, abdominal mass and hematuria
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renal cell ca
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condition that can cause detrussor arreflexia and urine retention as a consequence
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cva
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urinary condition often associated with a brain tumor
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detrussor hyperreflexia (urinary frequency and urgency)
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gold standard tx for bph
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transurethral prostatectomy
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Abnormal dilatation of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum
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Varicocele
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varicocele in the right testicle in a boy younger than 10 yo think...
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an abdominal or renal mass
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pt leaks urine when coughing, laughing but no when laying supine
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stress incontinence (weakness of pelvic floor muscles)
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causes of urge urinary incontinence
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detrussor hyperreflexia and sphincter dysfunction
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type of urinary incontinence seen in bph and urethral strictures
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overflow incontinence due to chronic urine retention
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kidney stones not detectable on xrays
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uric acid
cystene |
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test of choice for nephrolithiasis
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helical ct
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tx for kidney stones from 5mm to 2 cm
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
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tx for kidney stones larger than 2 cm
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Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
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how thiazide diuretics help decrease stones formation in the kidney
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they decrease calcium excretion in the urine
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inability to retract the foreskin
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phimosis
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Most common cause of testicular pain in boys older than 12 years old
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Testicular Torsion
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dysuria, hematuria, suprapubic tenderness
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cystitis
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common cause of epididymitis in a pt younger than 40 yrs
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chlamydia or gonorrhea
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most common cause of epidydimitis in a pt > 40 yr
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uti or prostatitis
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fever, pelvic pain, urethral discharge w/ pain on the tip of the penis
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epididymitis: urethritis, cystitis
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tx for epididymitis due to stds
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single dose of ceftriaxone and doxycicline x 10 d
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tx for epididymitis not caused by stds
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quinolones x 10 d
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2 common causes of orchitis
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cocksackie B virus and mumps
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dx test for prostatitis
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two-glass test or four-glass test
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tx for acute pyelonephritis both in- and out-patient settings. Also what change in duration of tx if chronic
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Acute:
(In-pt) Ampicillin w/ Gentamycin IV for 3 weeks (Out-pt) Cipro or Bactrim PO for 3 weeks Chronic: Tx extends to 3 months (up to 6) |
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tx for prostatodynia
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alpha-blockers
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2 risk factors for bladder ca
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smoking
exposure to arylamine (dye,leather, rubber) |
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painful hematuria w/ flank or abdominal pain in a 70 y/o male think...
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bladder ca
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most important dx test for bladder ca
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flexible cystoscopy
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flank pain, abdominal mass, hematuria
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renal cell ca
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gross hematuria after URI ASO negative think...
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Berger's dz or Ig A nephropathy
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positive ANCA glomerulonephritis, sinusitis
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wegener's granulomatosis
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positive anti-GMB antibodies and glomerulonephritis with hemoptysis
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good pasture's syndrome
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tx for hyponatremia in a symptomatic pt
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na correction at 1 meq/l/h
saline w/ furosemide |
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oliguria, orthostatic hypotension w/ a urine osmolarity over 400 think...
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hypernatremia second to non-renal losses
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polyuria, polydipsia, orthostatic hypotension w/ urine osmolarity under 250 and normal glucose level, consider...
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diabetes insipidus
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muscle cramps and weakness, fatigue, hyporeflexia what's the lyte imbalance?
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hypokalemia
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antibiotic that causes hypocalcemia
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aminoglycosides
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prolonged qt interval what's the lyte imbalance
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hypocalcemia
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constipation, polyuria and decreased qt interval
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hypercalcemia
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juxtaglomerular hyperplasia, hyperaldosteronism and hypokalemic alkalosis
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bartter's syndrome
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Testicular pain where there's an absent cremasteric reflex
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TESTICULAR TORSION
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Blue dot sign, present cremasteric reflex
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TORSION OF APPENDIX TESTIS
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This group of drugs inhibit the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone thus helping reduce bph.
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5ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITORS (FINASTERIDE-PROPECIA, DUTASTERIDE-AVODART)
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In a pt that presents with sx of pyelonephritis and has a pmhx of sickle cell, chronic use of nsaids or dm2..which condition must be r/o?
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PAPILLARY NECROSIS..PYELOGRAPHY SHOWS "RING SHADOW"
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Fusion of the foot processes seen on EM of glomerulus..dx?
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MINIMAL CHANGE DZ
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Vitamin toxicity that causes formation of calcium oxalate renal stones...
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VIT C (REMEMBER ANTIFREEZE DOES THIS TOO)
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Most common cause of death in pts w/ Polycystic Kidney Dz?
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END STAGE RENAL FAILURE
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Pt w/ HIV or heroin user who developes nephrotic syndrome..dx? and what do you see on biopsy?
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FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS..SEGMENTS OF SCLEROSIS OF THE GLOMERULI W/ NORMAL AREAS
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Silver methenamine stain of the kidney tissue shows "spike and dome pattern" 2/2 thickening of glomerular basement membrane..Dx?
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MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY
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Most common cause of primary nephrotic syndrome in adults?
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MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY
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On renal microscopy, splitting or "tram track" appearance of the capillary walls aka "lobulation" along with proliferation of the mesangium..DX?
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MEMBRANOPROLIFRATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
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Pt with PMhx of cirrhosis presents wih ascites refractory to diuretic tx, decreased urinary output and elevated BUN and creatinine..Dx and Tx?
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DX: HEPATO-RENAL SYNDROME
TX: LIVER TRANSPLANT |
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Main difference between the dx of SIADH vs Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome?
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VOLUME: LOW IN CSWS VS NL OR HIGH IN SIADH
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A diabetic pt who doesn't take his pills develops flank pain, fever and hematuria.CT shows air in the renal parenchyma. MLDx?
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EMPHYSEMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS
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40 yo male noticed a lump in his testicle but says is not painful although it feels a little swollen. He had sx when he was a baby for undescending testicles. Serum HCG & AFP are elevated. MLDx?
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SEMINOMA
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Which test is contraindicated in a pt w/ a testicular mass?
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BIOPSY; IT DISRUPTS LYMPHATIC VESSELS
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A child's mom feels a mass in her son's testicle. There's no surgical hx. The child looks advance in his sexual development for his age. MLDx?
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LEYDIG CELL TUMOR
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Rod-shaped crystals found on testicular pathology of Leydig Cell Tumors
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REINKE'S CRYSTALS
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