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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Foundation Concepts
2. Information Technologies 3. Business Applications 4. Development Processes 5. Management Challenges |
Five areas of IS knowledge
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1. Support of business processes and operations
2. Support of decision making by employees and managers 3. Support of strategies for competitive advantage |
three vital roles that information systems can perform for business enterprise
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Electronic data processing systems
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transaction processing, record-keeping, and traditional accounting applications
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End-user computing systems
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direct computing support for end-user productivity and workgroup collaboration
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Executive information systems
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critical information for top management
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Expert systems
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knowledge-based expert advice for end users
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Strategic information systems
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strategic products and services for competitive advantage
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Data processing dates
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1950s-1960s
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Management reporting dates
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1960s-1970s
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Decision support dates
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1970s-1980s
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Strategic and end-user support dates
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1980s-1990s
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Electronic business and commerce dates
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1990s-2000s
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Enterprise resource planning and business intelligence dates
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2000s-2010s
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Operations support systems
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-produce a variety of information products for internal and external use
-does not emphasize specific information products that can best be used by managers -its role is to process business transactions, control industrial processes, support enterprise communications and collaborations, and update corporate databases |
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Transaction processing systems
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-operations support systems that record and process data resulting from business transactions
-batch processing and real-time processing |
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Batch processing
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-type of transaction processing system
-transactions data are accumulated over a period of time and processed periodically |
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Real-time processing
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-type of transaction processing system
-data are processed immediately after transaction occurs |
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Process control systems
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monitor and control physical processes
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Enterprise collaboration systems
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enhance team and workgroup communications and productivity and include applications that are sometimes called office automation systems
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Management support systems
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when information system applications focus on providing information and support for effective decision making by managers
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Decision support systems
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give direct computer support to managers during decision-making process (i.e., what-if analysis)
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knowledge management systems
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support creation, organization, and dissemination of business knowledge to employees and managers throughout a company
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functional business systems
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focus on operational and managerial applications in support of basic business functions such as accounting or marketing
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cross-functional informational systems
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integrated combinations of several types of information systems
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1. Investigate
2. Analyze 3. Design 4. Implement 5. Maintain |
5 steps of IS development cycle
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1. Input
2. Processing 3. Output 4. Feedback 5. Control |
5 basic functions of systems
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cybernetic system
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system with feedback and control functions
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interface
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shared boundary connecting systems sharing same environment
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open system
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system that interacts with other systems in its environment
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adaptive system
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system with ability to change itself or its environment to survive
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people resources
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-specialists
-end users |
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clearly defined boundaries of information systems
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functions, modules, type of application, department, or end-user group
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1. People
2. Hardware 3. Software 4. Data 5. Network |
5 major resources of informations systems
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hardware resources
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-machines
-media |
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software resources
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-programs
-procedures |
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data resources
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-product descriptions
-customer records -employee files -inventory databases |
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network resources
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-communications media
-communications processors -network access -control software |
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information products
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-management reports and business documents using text and graphics displays
-audio responses -paper forms |
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media
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tangible object on which data are recorded
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computer systems
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-example of hardware in computer-based information system
-consist of central processing units containing microprocessors and variety of interconnected peripheral devices |
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computer peripherals
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-example of hardware in computer-based information system
-devices such as a keyboard, electronic mouse, trackball, or stylus for input of data and commands -video screen or printer for output of information -magnetic or optical disk drives for storage of data resources |
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system software
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-example of software resource
-operating system program -controls and supports operations of a computer system |
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application software
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-example of software resource
-programs that direct processing for particular use of computers by end users |
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procedures
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-example of software resource
-operating instructions for people who will use an information system |