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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The pituitary gland is also known as the _________.
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hypophysis
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The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland comprises about ____% of the gland.
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80
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What is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland called?
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the neurohypophysis
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What hormone do corticotropes secrete?
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ACTH
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What two hormones do gonadotropes secrete?
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FSH and LH
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True or false: Some pituitary hormones are made in the posterior lobe.
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false
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Which two hormones are associated with the posterior pituitary?
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oxytocin and vasopressin
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One of the most common pituitary tumors in childhood is the _____________.
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benign craniopharyngioma
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A pituitary disorder caused by vasopressin deficiency is known as __________.
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diabetes insipidus
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An enlarged thryroid is also known as a __________.
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goiter
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True or false: Hypothyroidism always presents with a goiter.
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false
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Autoimmune thyroid disease is also known as __________
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Hashimoto thyroiditis.
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What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?
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bradycardia, constipation, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, and edema of the extremities
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Hashimoto thyroiditis is often seen in patients with what other condition?
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Down syndrome
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The most common form of hyperthyroidism is ___________.
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Graves disease
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PTH is a hormone that controls _______ metabolism.
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calcium
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Hypoparathyroidism is caused by _______ PTH secretion which leads to ____ calcium levels.
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decreased, low
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Hyperparathyroidism is caused by ________ PTH production causing ________ calcium levels.
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excess, high
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A congenital disease in which a person is missing an enzyme in the adrenal cortex pathway is known as ____________.
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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CAH can result in an overproduction of __________.
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androgens
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Addison disease is adrenal cortex ___________.
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insufficiency
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What are signs and symptoms of Addison disease?
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hypoglycemia, vomiting, weight loss, shock, low sodium, high potassium
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True or false: Addison disease it not typically life threatening.
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false
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Excess adrenal cortex hormones is known as ____________.
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Cushing syndrome
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When is excess adrenal cortex hormones known as Cushing disease?
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when the excess hormones are due to the pituitary overproducing ACTH.
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What are signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome?
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obese trunk, moon facies, purple striae, thinning of skin, hypertension, "buffalo hump," osteoporosis
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What three syndromes are associated with APS 1?
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Addison disease, hypoparathyroidism, and mucocutaneous candidiasis
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Addison disease, diabetes mellitus 1 and thyroid disease/pernicious anemia form which APS?
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APS 2
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Which APS occurs in 20% of people with type 1 diabetes?
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APS 3
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